Ethics in Decision-Making Quiz
45 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of identifying and evaluating alternatives in decision-making?

  • To eliminate all potential risks and uncertainties associated with the decision.
  • To ensure that all stakeholders are satisfied with the outcome.
  • To identify the most ethical and legal solution, considering its impact on others. (correct)
  • To choose the most efficient and cost-effective solution.

    • What is the key advantage of involving stakeholders in the identification of alternatives?

  • It ensures that everyone agrees on the best solution.
  • It increases the likelihood of identifying a wide range of potential solutions. (correct)
  • It reduces the risk of ethical conflicts arising from the decision.
  • It helps to avoid unnecessary delays in the decision-making process.

    • Which of the following is NOT a criterion typically used to evaluate potential solutions?

  • Personal preferences of the decision-maker. (correct)
  • Cost and time required to implement the solution.
  • Effectiveness in addressing the issue.
  • Potential risks associated with implementation.

    • What is the main principle of the Virtue Ethics Approach?

    <p>Acting in accordance with moral virtues and values. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Utilitarian Approach emphasize in decision-making?

    <p>Achieving the greatest possible happiness for the most people. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach emphasizes the importance of treating everyone the same and avoiding favoritism or discrimination?

    <p>Fairness Approach (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key advantage of the virtue ethics approach over a rigid set of rules and principles?

    <p>It is more adaptable and responsive to evolving ethical dilemmas. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the Common Good Approach in decision-making?

    <p>To promote the well-being and prosperity of the entire community. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of Intel's code of conduct?

    <p>Following legal requirements and ethical principles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of conducting social audits?

    <p>To identify and address any ethical or social responsibility gaps (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main benefit of requiring employees to take ethics training?

    <p>To improve employee moral character and decision-making (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key factor in the ethical criteria used in employee appraisals?

    <p>Employee's commitment to ethical conduct and behavior (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant challenge in implementing ethics training effectively?

    <p>Difficulty in measuring the impact of training on employee behavior (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What pressure factors might employees face that could lead to unethical choices?

    <p>Aggressive competitors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In creating an ethical work environment, what do employees primarily desire?

    <p>To perform their jobs successfully and ethically (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an ethical criterion mentioned?

    <p>Achieving maximum profit (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be considered when making decisions according to ethical considerations?

    <p>Stakeholders involvement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might employees be encouraged to do in a highly competitive work environment?

    <p>Do whatever it takes to get the job done (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the ethical decision-making process, which step involves gathering and analyzing facts?

    <p>Identify problem (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the ethical considerations that should be evaluated before making a decision?

    <p>Laws, guidelines, and principles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does treating others fairly and with respect imply in an ethical context?

    <p>Valuing individual and diverse perspectives (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of innovation within an organization?

    <p>Emphasizing new methods for problem-solving (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in dealing with an ethical problem?

    <p>Recognizing a problem or its need (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes normative engineering ethics?

    <p>It is concerned with moral principles and obligations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a step in the ethical decision-making process?

    <p>Testing the solution for efficiency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is defined as anything that adds cost but not value?

    <p>Waste (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the descriptive sense of engineering ethics?

    <p>It describes the actual beliefs and practices of engineers. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An engineer developing new methods to tackle problems is demonstrating which attribute?

    <p>Innovation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the identified types of waste?

    <p>Skills (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What tool is commonly used for identifying complex problems and their root causes?

    <p>Fishbone diagram (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes moral problems from non-moral problems in engineering?

    <p>The application of justified moral principles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of root cause analysis (RCA)?

    <p>Diagnosing the underlying reasons for problems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following aspects is NOT included in the understanding of engineering ethics?

    <p>Technical proficiency requirements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of waste involves producing more than needed?

    <p>Overproduction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary categories for identifying potential causes in a Fishbone diagram?

    <p>Machine, Man, Method (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is typically the first step in the problem-solving process?

    <p>Identifying waste (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of brainstorming during the development of the future state?

    <p>To envision post-implementation conditions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial step in creating a Fishbone Diagram?

    <p>Clarify the characteristics of the problem and write a title (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of a Pareto Chart?

    <p>To show the relative frequency or magnitude of events or issues (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is NOT considered a key aspect of quality for customers?

    <p>Excellent marketing strategy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a flowchart primarily describe?

    <p>The steps in a task or process (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of a Quality Circle?

    <p>To provide a platform for equal rights and discussions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following steps is NOT part of creating a Pareto Chart?

    <p>Creating a detailed budget for the project (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be identified by examining a flowchart?

    <p>Duplication, complexity waste, and bottlenecks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor should NOT be checked for in a Fishbone Diagram?

    <p>Economic trends (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Code of Conduct

    A set of guidelines outlining ethical behavior for employees.

    Social Audits

    Review process to evaluate an organization's social responsibility efforts.

    Ethics Training

    Educational programs designed to improve employees' ethical decision-making.

    Reporting Misconduct

    The process for employees to report unethical behavior safely.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Ethical Criteria in Appraisals

    Incorporating ethical conduct into employee performance evaluations.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Identify Alternatives

    The process of brainstorming several potential solutions to a problem with stakeholders.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Evaluate Solutions

    Assessing alternatives based on effectiveness, risk, cost, and implementation time.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Ethical Defensibility

    Selecting alternatives that can be justified as ethical and legal.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Policies and Ethics

    Ensuring selected alternatives align with existing guidelines and ethical codes.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Virtue Ethics Approach

    A decision-making approach focused on moral virtues and community relationships.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Utilitarian Approach

    An ethical approach that seeks the greatest benefits with the least harm.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Fairness Approach

    An ethical perspective that treats everyone equally without favoritism.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Common Good Approach

    An ethical approach that promotes the welfare of the community as a whole.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Innovation Value

    Emphasizes the importance of innovating to solve problems in an organization.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Ethical Problem Recognition

    The process of recognizing an ethical problem or need.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Information Gathering

    Collecting data and defining the problem to be addressed.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Generating Alternatives

    Creating different solutions or methods to achieve a desired goal.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Evaluate Benefits and Costs

    Assessing the advantages and disadvantages of alternative solutions.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Normative Ethics

    A sense of engineering ethics focusing on moral guidelines.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Descriptive Ethics

    A sense of engineering ethics that describes what is practiced.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Engineering Ethics

    A field addressing moral issues specific to engineering practices.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Identifying Waste

    Recognizing activities that add cost without value in a process.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Defects

    Errors causing rework, scrap, or incorrect information in production.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Overproduction

    Producing more items than needed or too early.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Root Cause Analysis (RCA)

    A method to identify the underlying reasons for problems.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Fishbone Diagram

    A visual tool for categorizing potential causes of problems.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Non-Utilized Talent

    Failure to fully use people's skills and knowledge in the workplace.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Future State Development

    Envisioning what the process will look like after improvements.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Waiting

    Lost time when a process is delayed or stalled.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    5 Whys Technique

    A method of asking 'why' five times to identify the root cause of a problem.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Steps to Create a Fishbone Diagram

    1. Clarify the problem, 2. Write the effect, 3. Identify factors, 4. Check for omissions, 5. Evaluate strong factors, 6. Add related info.
    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Pareto Chart

    A graph that shows items in descending order of frequency to highlight major factors.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Steps to Create a Pareto Chart

    1. Collect data, 2. Tabulate and calculate cumulative number, 3. Draw axes, 4. Create bar graph, 5. Draw cumulative curve, 6. Add percentage scale, 7. Label, 8. Analyze.
    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Flowchart Purpose

    A diagram that illustrates the steps in a process to identify inefficiencies.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Quality Definition

    Quality is about fulfilling customer needs and expectations, including design, functionality, reliability, and value.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Quality Circle Principles

    A group approach where each member shares equal rights, fostering open discussion without criticism.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Ethical Criteria

    Standards that guide behavior regarding what is right and wrong in a workplace.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Pressure in the Workplace

    The stress employees face due to competitive demands and unrealistic expectations.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Personal Accountability

    Taking responsibility for one's actions and their outcomes in a professional setting.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Decision Making Process

    A systematic approach to making choices, including identifying problems and evaluating alternatives.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Involve Stakeholders

    Engaging individuals or groups affected by the decision in the evaluation process.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Evaluate Alternatives

    Assessing various options before making a decision to ensure ethical compliance.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Implementing Decisions

    Putting the chosen option into action while ensuring adherence to ethical standards.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Evaluating Success

    Assessing the results of the decision to determine effectiveness and ethical implications.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Study Notes

    Ethics in Information Technology

    • Information technology encompasses ethical issues like e-mail and internet access monitoring, copyright violations (downloading), hacking, identity theft, plagiarism, cookies, and spyware

    • The public often lacks understanding of IT ethics, and important decisions are often left to technical experts.

    • General business managers must consider ethical implications alongside technical expertise and create an environment for open discussion of ethical dilemmas

    Overview of Professional Ethics

    • Professional ethics follows generally accepted moral codes, defining societal boundaries for behavior.
    • Morals vary according to factors like age, cultural group, ethnic background, religion, life experiences, education, and gender.
    • Ethical behavior adheres to universally accepted standards, and can vary widely.

    Organizational Culture & Climate

    • Organizational culture guides employee behavior within an organization, fostering effective interaction and contributing to organizational effectiveness
    • Culture is shaped by the broader national culture, and multinational companies must adapt to local norms.
    • Organizational culture is the practice of shaping human behavior.

    Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

    • Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) encompasses a broad range of practices where organizations acknowledge their obligations toward society while conducting their business. This includes proactively managing their environmental footprint, supporting local communities through various initiatives, and ensuring fair labor practices that safeguard employee rights and welfare. By integrating CSR into their core strategies, companies not only enhance their reputational capital but also contribute to sustainable development and community well-being.
    • Setting CSR goals encourages organizations to achieve higher moral standards, like those seen in companies like CISCO.
    • Supply chain sustainability is a component of CSR encompassing fair labor practices, energy & resource conservation, human rights, and community responsibility.

    Leadership

    • A leader is someone who not only inspires and motivates their team but also implements strategies to guide individuals toward the successful achievement of organizational goals. Effective leadership involves cultivating trust and camaraderie within a group, creating a supportive environment that encourages collaboration and innovation. A leader utilizes various interpersonal skills to influence others, fostering a culture where team members feel valued and empowered to contribute their unique abilities and perspectives.
    • Leadership attributes encompass a wide range of qualities that contribute to effective management and team dynamics. Being a role model sets a precedent for others to follow, while the ability to inspire motivates individuals to pursue excellence. Enabling team members involves providing the tools and resources necessary for success, and achieving goals is central to progress. Effective leaders exemplify strong communication skills, offering clarity in direction and ensuring that goals are specific and attainable. Additionally, incorporating positive reinforcement helps to build morale and confidence within the team, fostering an environment of trust that is crucial for collaborative efforts.

    Types of Leadership

    • Transformational leadership: This style inspires positive change in followers, often with a focus on shared values. Leaders are charismatic and have a clear vision.
    • Situational leadership: Most effective when the leader adapts their style in response to the situation and follower readiness level, considering the maturity and competency levels of followers.
    • Transaction leadership: Leaders manage through relationships between themselves and their followers, motivating by rewarding good performance and penalizing poor performance.

    Participative Management

    • Participative Management involves stakeholders at all levels actively collaborating in decision making, problem solving and implementation of solutions
    • Information sharing, training and rewards are important aspects of this method.
    • Advantages: Increased efficiency, motivation and quality
    • Disadvantages: Decisions may take longer; security issues

    Continuous Improvement

    • A systematic process of making small, incremental improvements in products, services or processes
    • This method utilizes a mindset that considers root causes for problems
    • The PDCA cycle (Plan, Do, Check, Act) is a core element in this method.

    Quality

    • Quality relates to meeting customers' needs and expectations, including aspects like design, functional performance, reliability, durability, and after-sales service.
    • Quality circles are a tool for involving employees in identifying and solving problems related to quality.

    Additional Concepts

    • Ethical Standards set by Board of Directors: Boards are responsible for careful and responsible management of their organization's activities and are accountable to all stakeholders including shareholders, employees, customers, and the community.
    • Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) of 2002: Regulations enacted to protect investors from financial fraud, requiring public companies to have a code of ethics, enforce compliance, and maintain accurate financial records.
    • Establishing Codes of Conduct: Organizations use codes of conduct to formalize acceptable standards of behavior within the organization.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    20CS2024 Ethics in Information Technology PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the principles of ethics in decision-making. This quiz covers various approaches such as Virtue Ethics, Utilitarianism, and the Common Good Approach. Explore the importance of stakeholder involvement, ethical training, and more in shaping ethical behavior in organizations.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser