Ethics: Determinism and Free Will

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According to determinism, what is the belief about every event?

Every event is predetermined by human decisions.

Every event has a cause. (correct)

Every event is random.

Every event is a result of free will.

What is the primary inquiry posed by Henry Sidgwick related to determinism?

Whether voluntary actions are completely determined by character and external influences (correct)

Whether voluntary actions are beyond human understanding

Whether voluntary actions are completely random

Whether voluntary actions are predetermined by free will

In the determinist perspective of Baron d’Holbach, what does nature command man's life to be?

A result of free will

A line that man can deviate from at any moment

A line without any predetermined path (correct)

A series of calculated events

According to determinism, what influences a person's voluntary action?

A combination of past actions and external influences Signup and view all the answers

What does determinism suggest about the calculation of a person's volition based on their character and external influences?

It can be certainly calculated by anyone who knows the person's character and the forces acting on them Signup and view all the answers

In determinism, what is the nature of man's life according to Baron d’Holbach?

A predetermined path without deviation Signup and view all the answers

According to Baron d’Holbach, what does he believe about a person's organization and habits?

They are influenced and determined by external causes beyond the individual's control. Signup and view all the answers

According to d’Holbach, what does he say about a person's will and action?

They are influenced by external motives that act upon the person's senses. Signup and view all the answers

How does d’Holbach describe the nature of a person's will in relation to external influences?

The will is a modification of the brain determined by external qualities of objects or motives. Signup and view all the answers

What is Skinner's view of a person's behavior, according to the text?

Behavior is to some extent the individual's own achievement. Signup and view all the answers

In what way does d’Holbach believe a person's will and action are influenced?

By both internal and external motives acting upon the person's senses. Signup and view all the answers

According to d’Holbach, what has the power to shape a person's habits and way of thinking?

External causes beyond the individual's control Signup and view all the answers

How does d’Holbach describe a person's mode of existence and actions?

Unceasingly modified by causes, both visible and concealed Signup and view all the answers

According to d’Holbach, how does a person’s will respond to new causes or ideas?

The will changes according to new causes or ideas, modifying the brain and determining new actions Signup and view all the answers

What does d’Holbach believe about man’s freedom of action, according to the text?

Man has limited freedom due to external influences beyond his control Signup and view all the answers

How does d’Holbach describe the influence of reflection, experience, and reason on a person’s will?

They suspend or arrest the action of man’s will, preventing it from following the anterior impulse Signup and view all the answers

Ethics: Determinism and Free Will

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