Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which value signifies the importance of truthfulness and the obligation to provide accurate information in journalism?
Which value signifies the importance of truthfulness and the obligation to provide accurate information in journalism?
In the accidental revelation by a congressional candidate, what ethical principle would support informing the voters?
In the accidental revelation by a congressional candidate, what ethical principle would support informing the voters?
What is the primary reason you should consider when deciding whether to inform a student about a professor’s incompetence?
What is the primary reason you should consider when deciding whether to inform a student about a professor’s incompetence?
Which value relates to minimizing harm when reporting potentially damaging information?
Which value relates to minimizing harm when reporting potentially damaging information?
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What might be more significant for stakeholders when facing a moral dilemma?
What might be more significant for stakeholders when facing a moral dilemma?
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If a reporter overhears a candidate not intending to keep promises, what ethical conflict arises?
If a reporter overhears a candidate not intending to keep promises, what ethical conflict arises?
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What should be considered a primary obligation in journalism towards the readers?
What should be considered a primary obligation in journalism towards the readers?
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When weighing competing values in a moral dilemma, what does the term 'stakeholders' refer to?
When weighing competing values in a moral dilemma, what does the term 'stakeholders' refer to?
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Which type of power emphasizes the ability to influence others through rewards?
Which type of power emphasizes the ability to influence others through rewards?
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What is a key characteristic of the skill model of leadership?
What is a key characteristic of the skill model of leadership?
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What does the term 'off the record' signify in journalistic practices?
What does the term 'off the record' signify in journalistic practices?
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How is cultural competency defined in the context of leadership?
How is cultural competency defined in the context of leadership?
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Which of the following best describes 'impoverished leadership'?
Which of the following best describes 'impoverished leadership'?
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What is the significance of state shield laws for journalists?
What is the significance of state shield laws for journalists?
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In leadership styles, what does a country club leader prioritize?
In leadership styles, what does a country club leader prioritize?
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What does the term 'ethnocentrism' refer to in cultural competence?
What does the term 'ethnocentrism' refer to in cultural competence?
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Which model suggests that leadership qualities can be categorized into technical, human, and conceptual skills?
Which model suggests that leadership qualities can be categorized into technical, human, and conceptual skills?
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In the context of the First Amendment, what does 'freedom of the press' primarily protect?
In the context of the First Amendment, what does 'freedom of the press' primarily protect?
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What is the primary focus of Wooden's definition of success?
What is the primary focus of Wooden's definition of success?
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What does the correspondence theory emphasize?
What does the correspondence theory emphasize?
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Which component is foundational to Wooden's pyramid of success?
Which component is foundational to Wooden's pyramid of success?
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How does Wooden differentiate between pressure and stress?
How does Wooden differentiate between pressure and stress?
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What is the essence of astroturfing?
What is the essence of astroturfing?
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What does Wooden avoid emphasizing in his discussions with teams?
What does Wooden avoid emphasizing in his discussions with teams?
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What major concern regarding privacy evolved post-1890?
What major concern regarding privacy evolved post-1890?
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Which emotional state is characterized as being uncontrolled?
Which emotional state is characterized as being uncontrolled?
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Which aspect does Wooden not prioritize in his coaching philosophy?
Which aspect does Wooden not prioritize in his coaching philosophy?
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What does the coherence theory suggest about reporting?
What does the coherence theory suggest about reporting?
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What does Wooden believe about preparation for a competition?
What does Wooden believe about preparation for a competition?
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What is one possible effect of data mining in relation to privacy?
What is one possible effect of data mining in relation to privacy?
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Which quote reflects the importance of continual learning according to Wooden?
Which quote reflects the importance of continual learning according to Wooden?
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What is a key principle of Care-Based Ethics?
What is a key principle of Care-Based Ethics?
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Which ethical theory is characterized by the slogan 'The end does NOT justify the means'?
Which ethical theory is characterized by the slogan 'The end does NOT justify the means'?
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Which ethical approach emphasizes harmony and community?
Which ethical approach emphasizes harmony and community?
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What does the Golden Mean concept, associated with Aristotle, primarily advocate for?
What does the Golden Mean concept, associated with Aristotle, primarily advocate for?
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Which aspect of ethics does the concept of 'Agape' refer to?
Which aspect of ethics does the concept of 'Agape' refer to?
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Utilitarianism is primarily concerned with what aspect of ethical decision-making?
Utilitarianism is primarily concerned with what aspect of ethical decision-making?
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Which philosopher is most closely associated with the development of Social Construct Ethics?
Which philosopher is most closely associated with the development of Social Construct Ethics?
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What principle does Feminist Ethics challenge in traditional ethical frameworks?
What principle does Feminist Ethics challenge in traditional ethical frameworks?
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In the context of Virtue Ethics, what does finding a middle ground refer to?
In the context of Virtue Ethics, what does finding a middle ground refer to?
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Which ethical framework considers the context dependent and subjective nature of morality?
Which ethical framework considers the context dependent and subjective nature of morality?
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Which ethical perspective prioritizes self-interest as a guide for morality?
Which ethical perspective prioritizes self-interest as a guide for morality?
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The principle of putting oneself in someone else's shoes is associated with which ethical theory?
The principle of putting oneself in someone else's shoes is associated with which ethical theory?
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What was the purpose of the FCC's Safe Harbor policy?
What was the purpose of the FCC's Safe Harbor policy?
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Which ethical theory focuses on the consequences of actions for the largest number of people?
Which ethical theory focuses on the consequences of actions for the largest number of people?
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What ethical principle states that stealing can be acceptable if it benefits many people?
What ethical principle states that stealing can be acceptable if it benefits many people?
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Study Notes
Autonomy and Ethics
- Autonomy is freedom or independence.
- A code of ethics guides behavior.
- News outlets can be biased.
- The FTC ensures advertisers avoid false claims.
- Passion is a powerful emotion.
Moral Dilemmas
- A moral agent confronts a moral dilemma.
- A sports example: a player worries about another player's well-being (example Jalen Hurts). The reporter must decide whether to write about it, ensuring various values don't conflict.
- Ethical issues have multiple stakeholders: with individual values and weightings.
- Examples of values: autonomy, confidentiality, democracy, dignity, fairness, financials, harm avoidance, justice, loyalty, newsworthiness, privacy, professionalism, respect, taste, truth, trust, objectivity.
Stakeholder Examples
- A campaign staffer overhears misleading statements from a candidate. The staffer must consider telling voters, balancing values such as democracy, professionalism, truth, justice, and personal autonomy.
- A reporter, in a similar situation, must consider news value vs. source relationships and privacy.
- A college professor advising a student on a potentially poor choice of instructor, balances truth, professionalism, respect, dignity and potential harm vs professionalism,truth objectivity and avoiding harm.
Ethical Frameworks
Virtue Ethics
- Virtue ethics emphasizes finding the 'golden mean' – the middle ground between extremes.
- The 'Axial Age' (800-300 BCE) saw the rise of ethical thought.
- Aristotle's 'Golden Mean'; Buddha's 'Middle Way'; Confucius' 'Central Mean'.
Care-Based Ethics
- Care-based ethics prioritizes compassion and empathy, emphasizing the Golden Rule (“Love thy neighbor as thyself”).
- Reversibility: "Do unto others..."
- Agape: Unconditional love of the unlovable.
- A kids movie example: avoiding content unsuitable for children, considering the impact on others.
Duty-Based Ethics (Deontological)
- Duty-based ethics, rooted in Immanuel Kant, emphasizes universal moral rules and duties.
- Absolutist or non-consequentialist: actions evaluated purely on adherence to the rules, regardless of outcome.
- For instance, avoiding harm and lying are absolute principles.
- The Robin Hood example: stealing is wrong, even in a noble goal.
Utilitarianism (Consequentialist)
- Utilitarianism, from John Stuart Mill and Jeremy Bentham focuses on the "greatest happiness for the greatest number."
- Consequentialist and teleological: the morality of an action depends solely on its outcome.
- The Robin Hood example: the resulting good for many justifies stealing from the few.
Social Contract Ethics
- Social contract ethics, from philosophers like Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau, emphasizes societal norms and collective agreement.
- Examples: social norms around appropriate behavior in public spaces (like using public facilities).
- Truth in business: maintaining social contract through expectations of honesty.
Feminist Ethics
- Feminist ethics responds to patriarchy, advocating for the consideration of private and public realms.
- Emotional and intellectual aspects are equally valuable.
Relativism
- Relativism suggests moral principles are subjective and vary by situation.
- A student cheating excuses the wrongdoing with circumstances of animal loss.
Egoism
- Egoism emphasizes self-interest.
- A person discovers a cure for cancer primarily for recognition and personal reward.
News Media
- News media aims for truth, fairness (balance in reporting), and objectivity.
- Avoid offering personal opinions.
Public Relations, Marketing, and Advertising
- These fields aim for truth and fairness but, in promoting a product or brand, can include persuasion.
- Objective presentation of information is important.
Truth Theories
- Correspondence theory: truth aligns with reality (a tree has leaves).
- Coherence theory: truth arises from logical relationships within a system.
- Social construction theory: truth is constructed by society—the most subjective form.
- Astroturfing is the act of appearing as a grassroots movement.
Wooden's Success Pyramid
- Wooden’s defined success as "peace of mind."
- Two foundational cornerstones are industriousness and enthusiasm.
- He stresses effort over outcome.
- Emphasis on individual preparation and not opponent analysis.
- Differentiates between pressure and stress.
- Notes that success comes from effort (not extended practice times).
Confidentiality
- Confidentiality, a key ethical concept, prioritizes trust and privacy in professional settings.
- Specific actions/statements (e.g. "off the record") signify the need for confidentiality.
- Legal and ethical issues are involved in protecting sources.
- Branzburg v. Hayes: Court cases have challenged confidentiality protections in regard to journalism (sources).
- State Shield Laws provide protections.
The Three C's of Credibility
- Credibility comes from trust and verified reporting, along with loyalty and acting ethically, all enhancing credibility.
Communication
- Communication skills (speaking, writing, interpersonal) are crucial for leadership.
- Social/Emotional intelligence.
Cultural Competency
- Cultural competency involves awareness of social identity markers (age, race, gender, religion) and related "isms."
Models of Leadership
- Trait model: leaders are born with innate characteristics.
- Skill model: considers the skills leaders develop.
- Style model: how leaders adjust their approach.
First Amendment
- Focuses on freedom of speech, press (for media).
- Different approaches to journalism and the media (e.g., civic journalism, Russwurmian journalism).
Privacy
- Privacy's evolution, from newspaper wars to data mining.
- Key legal considerations (intrusion, publishing embarrassing facts, misappropriation, and false light).
- Connection between privacy and law.
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Description
This quiz explores the concepts of autonomy, ethics, and moral dilemmas within the context of media and journalism. Examine real-life scenarios involving stakeholders and ethical decision-making, focusing on values like truth, justice, and professionalism.
