Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does Ethical Relativism assert about morality?
What does Ethical Relativism assert about morality?
- Morality is determined by individual choices.
- Morality is an objective standard for all.
- Morality is relative to cultural beliefs. (correct)
- Morality is based on universal truths.
Which value is prioritized highly in Filipino culture?
Which value is prioritized highly in Filipino culture?
- Community involvement
- Respect for authority
- Family well-being (correct)
- Individual success
What does the Cultural Differences Argument suggest about moral beliefs?
What does the Cultural Differences Argument suggest about moral beliefs?
- Different moral beliefs indicate the absence of objective moral truth. (correct)
- Moral beliefs are solely individualistic.
- Morality is universally accepted across cultures.
- Different cultures share the same moral beliefs.
Which element is included in the Argument from Respect?
Which element is included in the Argument from Respect?
What does Moral Relativism state about morality?
What does Moral Relativism state about morality?
Which aspect is emphasized by Filipino culture regarding elders?
Which aspect is emphasized by Filipino culture regarding elders?
What is one implication of Ethical Relativism?
What is one implication of Ethical Relativism?
What does the Psychological Argument imply about morality?
What does the Psychological Argument imply about morality?
What does the Conformity Argument suggest about moral values?
What does the Conformity Argument suggest about moral values?
Which argument states that moral truths cannot be proven objectively?
Which argument states that moral truths cannot be proven objectively?
What is implied by Ethical Relativism regarding moral truths?
What is implied by Ethical Relativism regarding moral truths?
How do social influences affect moral development according to the provided content?
How do social influences affect moral development according to the provided content?
What does the Argument from Respect advocate for in terms of cultural values?
What does the Argument from Respect advocate for in terms of cultural values?
What role does peer pressure play in moral decision-making?
What role does peer pressure play in moral decision-making?
Which argument emphasizes adherence to cultural norms for social stability?
Which argument emphasizes adherence to cultural norms for social stability?
What aspect of moral values does the Psychological Argument highlight?
What aspect of moral values does the Psychological Argument highlight?
What is a key characteristic of Primal Faith?
What is a key characteristic of Primal Faith?
At which stage do individuals primarily begin to question their family or community beliefs?
At which stage do individuals primarily begin to question their family or community beliefs?
Which stage emphasizes conformity to social norms and peer influence?
Which stage emphasizes conformity to social norms and peer influence?
In which faith stage do individuals seek a deeper understanding of their beliefs?
In which faith stage do individuals seek a deeper understanding of their beliefs?
During which stage do children understand stories and symbols literally?
During which stage do children understand stories and symbols literally?
Which of the following characterizes the Conjunctive or Mystical Faith stage?
Which of the following characterizes the Conjunctive or Mystical Faith stage?
Which faith stage is primarily marked by the development of imagination in children?
Which faith stage is primarily marked by the development of imagination in children?
What is a distinct feature of the Conventional Faith stage?
What is a distinct feature of the Conventional Faith stage?
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Study Notes
Ethical Relativism
- Challenges universality of moral principles, suggesting that right and wrong depend on cultural beliefs.
- Emphasizes that morality is not universal, rejecting the notion of absolute truths.
Filipino Cultural Values
- Family: High prioritization of family well-being; focuses on support and closeness among family members.
- Respect for Elders: Cultural emphasis on valuing wisdom of elders, influencing interactions and decision-making.
- Community: Strong sense of shared responsibility and support within the community influences moral behavior.
Moral Behavior Influences
- Varies across cultures, shaped by specific cultural beliefs and values.
Cultural Diversity and Tolerance
- Ethical Relativism highlights the importance of cultural diversity in shaping moral beliefs.
- Encourages acceptance and understanding of different moral viewpoints.
Arguments for Ethical Relativism
- Cultural Differences Argument: Different moral beliefs across cultures suggest the absence of objective moral truths.
- Argument from Respect: Emphasizes the need to understand and accept diverse cultural beliefs and practices.
- Psychological Argument: Asserts that moral values are shaped by upbringing and social influences, lacking inherent universality.
- Conformity Argument: Suggests moral norms are learned and conformed to within societal groups.
Provability Argument
- Asserts that moral truths cannot be proven objectively; they are subjective and tied to individual or cultural beliefs.
Ethical Relativism Evaluation
- Promotes inclusivity by recognizing the validity of different cultural values and moral systems.
Key Filipino Values in Ethical Relativism
- Bayanihan: Community spirit and cooperation.
- Hiya: Sense of shame associated with social acceptance.
- Utang na Loob: Cultural debt of gratitude influencing relationships.
- Pakikisama: Emphasis on smooth interpersonal relationships and social harmony.
- Saving Face: Avoiding embarrassment for oneself and others.
- Sakop: Sense of belonging and responsibility within a group.
- Manana Habit: Procrastination influenced by cultural attitudes towards time.
- Kanya-kanya: Individualism within a collectivist framework.
Stages of Faith Development
- Primal Faith: Basic faith, often tied to family.
- Imaginative Faith: Development of imagination and understanding of symbols/stories.
- Literal Faith: Concrete understanding of beliefs; questions about God and morality arise.
- Conventional Faith: Heavy influence of peer groups; emphasis on conformity.
- Personal Faith: Critical thinking leads to self-reflection and individual belief formation.
- Conjunctive or Mystical Faith: Awareness of the Divine Mystery present in all aspects of life.
- Universal Faith: Recognition of commonality in diverse beliefs across cultures.
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