33 Questions
What does the principle of beneficence entail?
Doing good deeds particularly to benefit others
In what situations may paternalism be justified in healthcare?
When there are significant disparities in power and information
Why might a patient sometimes be excluded from the decision-making process in healthcare?
Due to lack of education and minimal understanding
What is one of the roles of a pharmacist highlighted in the text?
Marketing
What is central to the understanding of pharmacy practice according to the text?
Ethical principles
Why might a pharmacist's decisions sometimes be out of their hands?
Regulations of government
What has caused the role of pharmacists to transition from product-oriented to patient-oriented?
Changes in marketing methods of the pharmaceutical industry
What might restrict a pharmacist's role to mainly 'filling and following orders'?
Government regulations
What is pharmacoethics central to according to the text?
Understanding of pharmacy practice
What is the historical significance of the code of ethics in American pharmacy?
It was first legislated in 1852 and has undergone several revisions since then.
What is a fundamental principle of the code of ethics for pharmacists?
Showing respect for others.
How often has the American pharmacy code of ethics been reviewed over the years?
1922, 1952, 1969, 1981, and 1994.
What is the primary concern pharmacists should have according to the code of ethics?
Making patient care their first concern.
What should pharmacists do to ensure professional competence according to the code of ethics?
Develop professional knowledge and competence.
What ethical responsibility should pharmacists uphold in their work?
Being honest and trustworthy.
What ethical principle emphasizes being faithful to patients and keeping their best interest as a priority?
Fidelity
A pharmacist valuing justice in ethics would prioritize which of the following aspects?
Fairness
In the context of patient confidentiality, which ethical principle is most relevant when a patient requests not to disclose sensitive information to family members?
Fidelity
What should a healthcare professional prioritize when a patient confides sensitive information but requests it not to be shared with family members?
Respecting the patient's wishes and maintaining confidentiality
In the scenario of a minor confiding in a healthcare provider about taking medication without parental consent, what is the appropriate action to take?
Encourage the patient to discuss this with their parents
"Keeping the patients our priority" aligns with which ethical principle from the text?
Loyalty
What does the principle of beneficence in pharmacy practice primarily focus on?
Doing good and benefiting others, especially the patient
In pharmacy practice, when may paternalism be justified?
When the patient lacks education and understanding of outcomes
What is a key aspect of beneficence-based rationale in pharmacy practice?
Pharmacists stepping in to aid patients for their benefit
Why might a patient be sometimes excluded from the decision-making process in healthcare according to the text?
As a result of the patient's lack of education and understanding
What is the underlying rationale for paternalistic practice between health care professionals and patients?
'Knowing best' like parents with less consideration for patients
In pharmacy practice, what is the central principle behind beneficence?
'Good deed' for the benefit of others, especially patients
What should a pharmacist prioritize when faced with conflicts between a patient's request for a specific medication and disclosure of information?
Prioritize patient autonomy over disclosure of all information.
Which characteristic defines the concept of autonomy in healthcare decision-making?
Dependent on the person's ability to understand the decision's implications.
What ethical dilemma arises when a patient chooses to reduce their antihypertensive medication without medical advice?
The potential harm to the patient and society due to the decision.
In the context of healthcare decision-making, what does the principle of beneficence aim to balance?
Balancing the benefits to the patient against potential harm to others.
What is a critical aspect of integrity as highlighted in the text?
Telling yourself the truth even when it may not be convenient.
How can pharmacists ensure they act professionally according to the text?
Doing what is right, not what is convenient, for the patients.
Study Notes
Beneficence
- Beneficence is the Latin word "benefactum," meaning "good deed," and involves doing good for others, not for personal praise or recognition.
- It is about doing what will benefit others, including the patient and anyone else affected by an ethical decision.
- This principle is seen in the first principle of the Code of Ethics, where the care of the patient is the first concern.
Paternalism
- Paternalism is a beneficence-based rationale where professionals, like parents, "knows best."
- The patient may be excluded from the decision-making process due to a lack of education and minimal understanding of the consequences of choices.
- Significant differences in power, information, and experience create a potential for paternalistic practice in interactions between healthcare professionals and patients.
Code of Ethics
- The Code of Ethics is intended to state publicly the principles that form the fundamental basis of the roles and responsibilities of pharmacists.
- Factors influencing the Code of Ethics include time, place, program, and time of pharmaceutical study.
- The Code of Ethics has a long history, with the first legislation dating back to 1852, and has been reviewed several times, with the term between revisions getting shorter over the years.
Principles of the Code of Ethics
- Make the care of the patient your first concern.
- Exercise your professional judgment in the interest of patients and the public.
- Show respect for others.
- Encourage patients to participate in decisions about their care.
- Develop your professional knowledge and competence.
- Be honest and trustworthy.
- Take responsibility for your work.
Ethical Considerations
- Fidelity: Keeping the patient's interests as a priority and providing services that are in the patient's best interest.
- Justice: Fairness and equality in the distribution of healthcare resources.
- Non-maleficence: Avoiding harm to the patient and others.
- Loyalty: Prioritizing the patient's needs over personal interests.
- Autonomy: Allowing individuals to make decisions for themselves, tempered by consideration of the potential harm to others.
- Honesty and integrity: Telling the truth and doing the right thing, even when it's not convenient or acknowledged by others.
- Informed consent: Providing patients with complete and accurate information about their treatment options.
- Confidentiality: Maintaining patient confidentiality and respecting their privacy.
Roles of a Pharmacist
- Manufacturing
- Sorting
- Marketing
- Regulatory affairs
- Formulation
- Dispensing
- Medical team
- Academic
- Research
- Consultation
Learn about the ethical principle of beneficence in healthcare, which emphasizes doing good deeds that benefit others. Understand how beneficence is a key aspect of the Code of Ethics, with the care of the patient being the first concern.
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