Ethical Foundations of Legal Analysis in Healthcare

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of ethical orientations in healthcare?

Guiding actions of health professionals (correct)

Supporting vulnerable populations

Promoting patient autonomy

Advocating for policy changes

According to Ulrich and Soeken (2005), what is a consequence of ethical conflicts in practice for NPs?

Decreased concerns about managed care organizations

Increased autonomy in judgments and practice

Decreased perceived autonomy (correct)

Improved relationships with patients

What is the primary goal of justice in healthcare ethics?

Increasing the visibility of patient problems

Providing adequate support to vulnerable populations

Promoting patient autonomy

Fair and equitable treatment of others (correct)

What can compromise a person's autonomy, according to the text?

Cognitive impairment Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why APNs may struggle to act beneficently towards vulnerable populations?

Policy choices that do not provide adequate support Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of ethical conflicts between patient needs and managed care organizations' requirements?

Concerns among NPs about ethical conflicts Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of APNs in promoting patient autonomy?

Experiencing autonomy in their judgments and practice Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of APNs in their practice, according to the text?

Providing patient care Signup and view all the answers

What is a common source of moral distress in accessing care?

Transportation problems and reimbursement rules Signup and view all the answers

What is a key challenge in end-of-life care for APNs?

Assisting in achieving a peaceful death Signup and view all the answers

What is a common ethical dilemma faced by NNPs?

Disagreements with family members on care decisions Signup and view all the answers

What is a common ethical issue encountered by APNs in their practice?

Patient refusal of treatment Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a health care system?

To provide care to the ill and injured Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a health care system?

A system that provides preventive, curative, promotional, and rehabilitative care Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of preventive care?

Disease prevention and health maintenance Signup and view all the answers

What is included in health promotion activities?

Adequate and proper nutrition, weight control, and exercise Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of rehabilitative care?

To facilitate recovery from injury or illness Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of health care providers in health promotion?

Providing health teaching and conducting health programs Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of rehabilitation?

To help people move to their previous level of health Signup and view all the answers

What is the responsibility of governmental agencies in primary prevention?

Providing resources to support health programs Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of health care providers in early detection of diseases?

Performing routine screening Signup and view all the answers

What is the responsibility of clients towards health care providers?

Providing complete and accurate information Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of community in health promotion?

Participating in health care programs Signup and view all the answers

What is the responsibility of health care providers towards clients?

Respecting clients' autonomy and privacy Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of governmental agencies in rehabilitation?

Providing rehabilitative centers and services Signup and view all the answers

What is the responsibility of employees in health promotion?

Participating in health care programs Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of health care providers in health restoration?

Restoring individuals to their optimal level of wellness Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Ethical Underpinnings of Legal Analysis

Good practice is equivalent to ethical practice from a philosophical stance.
Ethical orientations guide actions of health professionals, but legal decisions embody policy choices made by society.
Policy choices do not always provide adequate support to act beneficently for vulnerable or uninsured groups, often served by APNs.

Promoting Patient Autonomy

Autonomy refers to self-chosen action and is viewed as self-determination in law.
Autonomy may be compromised when a person is cognitively impaired.
Health concerns of the poor, such as physical and mental health, can obscure the moral "health" of the individual.

APN Autonomy

APNs must experience autonomy in their judgments and practice for professional roles to evolve.
Ethical conflicts in practice can decrease NPs' perceived autonomy.
NPs are concerned about ethical conflicts between patient needs and managed care organization requirements.

Justice and Vulnerable Populations

Justice means fair and equitable treatment of others.
Justice in health care ethics refers to fairness, treating people equally and without prejudice, and the equitable distribution of benefits.

Sources of Ethical Conflict

Access to care due to transportation problems and reimbursement rules can be a source of moral distress.
End-of-life care poses challenges for APNs, from questions of assistance in achieving a peaceful death to advanced planning for death.
Ethical challenges arise at the beginning of life, when vulnerable newborns need important health care decisions made on their behalf.
Decisions made by adolescents create concerns for APNs.
Refusal of treatment is a common ethical issue in NP practice, including patient refusal of vaccines.

Privacy and Confidentiality

Privacy refers to the right to limit access of others to one's personal information.
Confidentiality prevents the release of personal information to others.

Responsibilities in Health Care System

Health care providers have many responsibilities towards the patient and the community.
Clients also have responsibilities towards the health care system.

Definition of Health Care System

A health care system is the totality of services offered by all health disciplines.

Health Care Providers

Health care providers include individuals or institutions that provide preventive, curative, promotional, or rehabilitative health care services.

Types of Health Care Services

Health promotion and illness prevention (primary prevention)
Diagnosis and treatment (secondary prevention)
Rehabilitation and health restoration (tertiary prevention)

Health Promotion and Illness Prevention

Health promotion activities include adequate and proper nutrition, weight control, exercise, and stress reduction.
Illness prevention programs emphasize immunization, identifying risk factors of illness, and environmental programs that reduce illness or disability.
Early detection of disease is also a part of health promotion.

Responsibilities of Government, Health Care Providers, and the Community

Governmental agencies support the system through providing resources.
Health care providers conduct health programs, provide health teaching, and maintain records.
The community participates in health care programs, follows instructions, and provides reliable data.

Rehabilitation, Health Restoration, and Palliative Care

Rehabilitation is a process of restoring ill or injured people to optimum and functional levels of wellness.
The goal of rehabilitation is to help people move to their previous level of health or to the highest level they are capable of given their current health status.

Responsibilities of Governmental Agencies, Health Care Providers, and the Community

Governmental agencies provide rehabilitative centers, free services, and educate people about the importance of rehabilitation.
Health care providers respect clients, provide accurate information, and consider them as unique individuals.
Clients provide complete and accurate information, keep appointments, and clear their queries.

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Description

Explore the connection between ethical practice and legal decision-making in healthcare, including the role of policy choices in shaping healthcare professionals' actions.