Ethical Decisions in Medicine
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Questions and Answers

Believe it or not, the tree bark in this photo contains a revolutionary anti-cancer ______.

drug

Stripping the bark harmed the ______.

trees

Ethics refers to deciding what’s right and what’s ______.

wrong

Scientists tackled and solved the problem of determining the chemical structure of the anti-cancer ______ so it could be synthesized in labs.

<p>drug</p> Signup and view all the answers

______ is an important consideration in science.

<p>Ethics</p> Signup and view all the answers

Scientific investigations must be guided by what is right and what is wrong. That’s where ethical rules come in. They help ensure that science is done safely and that scientific knowledge is ______.

<p>reliable</p> Signup and view all the answers

Scientific research must be reported ______.

<p>honestly</p> Signup and view all the answers

Researchers studying living animals must treat them ______.

<p>humanely</p> Signup and view all the answers

Researchers studying human subjects must tell their subjects that they have the right to refuse to participate in the research. Human subjects also must be fully informed about their role in the research, including any potential ______.

<p>risks</p> Signup and view all the answers

From the 1930s to 1970s, medical researchers studied the progression of a serious disease in hundreds of poor men in Alabama. They never told the men that they had the disease, nor were the men treated for the disease when a cure was discovered in the 1940s. Instead, the study continued for another 25 years. This was a terrible violation of ______ rule in science.

<p>ethical</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the ethical problem posed by using the bark of Pacific yews for the anti-cancer drug?

<p>Endangering the tree and risking its extinction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did scientists resolve the ethical dilemma related to the use of Pacific yew bark for the anti-cancer drug?

<p>By synthesizing the drug in labs based on its chemical structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why was it a challenge to decide whether to use Pacific yew bark for the anti-cancer drug?

<p>The process endangered the existence of Pacific yew trees.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best summarizes the ethical dilemma surrounding the use of Pacific yew bark for the anti-cancer drug?

<p>Balancing human health benefits with environmental conservation is complex.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for scientific investigations to be guided by ethical rules?

<p>To ensure science is done safely and that knowledge is reliable</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must researchers do to avoid being biased in their scientific investigations?

<p>Try to see things as they really are</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Tuskegee syphilis experiment, what ethical rule was egregiously violated by the medical researchers involved?

<p>Fully informing the research participants about potential risks</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action did medical researchers fail to take during the Tuskegee syphilis experiment when a cure for the disease was discovered?

<p>Providing proper medical treatment to the men involved</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can scientific evidence influence ethical decisions, as mentioned in the text?

<p>By helping individuals make informed ethical choices</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for researchers studying living animals to treat them humanely?

<p>To maintain ethical standards and minimize harm to animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

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