Ch 4 - Ethernet Standards (Network+)

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Questions and Answers

What is the current trend in network installations for wired networks?

  • 1000Base-T Cat 6A UTP cabling (correct)
  • 100Base-FX fiber-optic
  • 1000Base-SX multimode fiber
  • 100Base-TX copper wire

What is the maximum bandwidth supported by 100Base-TX and 100Base-FX Ethernet?

  • 10 Gbps
  • 100 Mbps (correct)
  • 1 Gbps
  • 10 Mbps

What type of cabling is typically used with 1000Base-T?

  • Cat 5e
  • Coaxial cable
  • Cat 6A (correct)
  • Cat 6

Which of these standards are considered Gigabit Ethernet?

<p>1000Base-SX (A), 1000Base-T (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between 1000Base-SX and 1000Base-LX Ethernet?

<p>Maximum distance supported (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these represents the fastest Ethernet standard mentioned in the text?

<p>1.6 Tbps (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of exploring the characteristics of Gigabit Ethernet?

<p>To provide quality network support for existing installations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Ethernet standard was the first to support Gigabit Ethernet?

<p>Cat 5e (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did half-duplex communication use CSMA/CD?

<p>CSMA/CD was essential for resolving collisions in half-duplex environments, where devices share the same transmission medium. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the difference between half-duplex and full-duplex operation?

<p>Half-duplex allows devices to share the same transmission medium, while full-duplex provides a dedicated path for each device. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is not a standard managed by the IEEE 802.3 working group?

<p>Wireless LAN (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is CSMA/CD not used in full-duplex communication?

<p>Full-duplex communication does not require collision detection because devices have dedicated paths for transmitting and receiving data. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the IEEE 802 LAN/MAN Standards Committee?

<p>To develop and maintain networking standards for local, metropolitan, and other area networks. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the current version of the IEEE Standard for Ethernet as of July 2021?

<p>802.3-2018 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended solution for handling the excess number of computers in the administrative building?

<p>Employ desktop switches (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of CSMA/CD in half-duplex communication?

<p>To detect and resolve collisions when two devices transmit data simultaneously. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the history of the development of Ethernet important to understand?

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the URL for the IEEE 802 LAN/MAN Standards Committee website?

<p><a href="https://www.ieee802.org/">https://www.ieee802.org/</a> (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of connectors are used on the fiber-optic cables terminated in the telecommunications room?

<p>LC (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is an example of an IEEE 802 Working Group?

<p>Ethernet (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate range of network connections required for the two buildings?

<p>100-140 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the IEEE GET program?

<p>To provide free access to technical documents, including standards. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technology allows for providing power to downstream devices through Ethernet cabling?

<p>Power over Ethernet (PoE) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the fiber-optic ports on a switch in each building?

<p>Connecting to the backbone between the buildings (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the IEEE 802.3-2018 standard?

<p>To define the specifications for Ethernet networks. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the IEEE 802.3 working group, what aspect of Ethernet is most critical for the success of the standard?

<p>Interoperability between different network devices (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of switch is mentioned as an option for the project?

<p>Managed switches (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Beyond the content provided, what is another important factor to consider when selecting network switches?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many NICs are required for the 30 devices mentioned in the first sentence?

<p>30 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the backward compatibility of a 10/100/1000 NIC?

<p>It is compatible with Fast Ethernet (100 Mbps) and Ethernet (10 Mbps). (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a reason to choose 1000Base-SX or 1000Base-LX over 1000Base-T?

<p>Lower cost. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of a Gigabit Ethernet switch in a network?

<p>To manage network traffic and improve performance. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended technology for the 900-foot backbone run between the administrative building and the inspection building?

<p>1000Base-LX (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many network drops are planned for the inspection garage?

<p>40 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the total number of devices that will be installed in the Phase 1 of the administrative building?

<p>82 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the lab exercise?

<p>To research and recommend Ethernet switches for specific applications. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following fiber optic cable connector types is NOT typically used with SFP+, XENPAK, X2, and XFP modules?

<p>RJ-45 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for using single-mode fiber over multimode fiber for 10 GbE connections over longer distances, exceeding the capabilities of 10GBase-SR?

<p>Single-mode fiber can transmit light over much longer distances with less attenuation than multimode fiber. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between 10GBase-SR and 10GBase-LR?

<p>10GBase-SR uses multimode fiber while 10GBase-LR uses single-mode fiber. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following Ethernet speeds was specifically addressed by IEEE P802.3ba?

<p>40 Gbps (C), 100 Gbps (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary motivator for developing 40 Gbps and 100 Gbps Ethernet technology?

<p>To support the increasing demand for higher bandwidth in data centers and other high-performance networking environments. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the scenario presented regarding the administrative building and inspection garage illustrate the importance of understanding different network speed limits and technologies?

<p>It emphasizes the significance of choosing appropriate cabling and transceivers for different network distances and desired performance levels. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary target audience for Terabit Ethernet technologies (200 Gbps and 400 Gbps)?

<p>Large data centers and high-performance computing environments. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to consider the form factors (SFP+, XENPAK, X2, XFP) and cable connector types (SC, LC, etc.) when implementing 10 GbE transceivers?

<p>These factors determine the physical compatibility and connectivity between network devices. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

IEEE 802

A standards committee for networking practices and standards.

Ethernet standard

Set of specifications for connecting devices in local networks.

802.3 working group

The group that manages Ethernet standards specifically.

LAN

Local Area Network, a network that connects computers over a small area.

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IEEE GET Program

Provides access to IEEE content at no charge for members.

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Networking standards

Rules that govern how devices communicate on a network.

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Access PDF/HTML

The ability to retrieve the document format from the IEEE site.

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CompTIA Network+ Guide

A textbook for understanding networking concepts and troubleshooting.

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CSMA/CD

Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection, a network protocol for half-duplex communications where devices sense the carrier signal before transmitting and detect collisions.

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Half-duplex communications

Communication mode where data transmission can occur in both directions but not simultaneously, requiring CSMA/CD to manage collisions.

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Full-duplex communications

Communication mode where data can be transmitted in both directions simultaneously, eliminating the need for CSMA/CD.

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Ethernet origins

The history and development background of Ethernet technology, which revolutionized local area networking.

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Collision detection

The process of identifying when two or more devices transmit data simultaneously on a network, causing a collision.

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Ethernet Evolution

The progression of Ethernet technology and standards over the years.

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Gigabit Ethernet

A standard for Ethernet that supports data rates of 1 Gbps.

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1000Base-T

Gigabit Ethernet standard using Cat 5e or better cabling over copper wires.

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1000Base-SX

Gigabit Ethernet standard using multimode fiber-optic cabling over short distances.

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1000Base-LX

Gigabit Ethernet standard using single-mode fiber-optic cabling over longer distances.

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Ethernet Frame

A structured unit of data sent over Ethernet networks.

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Bandwidth Improvement

The increase in data transmission rate over Ethernet standards.

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Copper vs Fiber

Two types of cabling used in Ethernet networks; copper is traditional, fiber is modern.

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Gigabit Ethernet NICs

Network Interface Cards that support speeds of 1 Gbps.

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Backward compatibility

Ability of newer devices to work with older technologies.

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High-speed backbone

A central conduit that carries data swiftly across a network.

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Ethernet switches

Devices that connect multiple devices on a network, using MAC addresses to forward data.

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Phase 1 installation

The first step in deploying a new network with specified devices.

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Cable drops

Points where network cables connect devices to the network.

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Network Connections

Logical links established between devices to communicate in a network.

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NIC

Network Interface Card, used for connecting a computer to a network.

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Switch

A device that connects multiple devices on a network, managing data traffic between them.

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Power over Ethernet (PoE)

Technology that allows network cables to carry electrical power.

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Desktop Switches

Basic switches for connecting computers in a local area network.

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Managed Switch

A switch that can be configured and managed to control network traffic.

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Fiber-Optic Backbone

A high-speed network connection using fiber-optic cables to link multiple buildings or areas.

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10 GbE Technology

10 Gigabit Ethernet, a high-speed networking standard for data transfer.

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10GBase-SR

10GBase-SR is a multimode fiber specification for 10 GbE with a distance range of 26 to 300 meters.

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10GBase-LR

10GBase-LR is a single-mode fiber specification for 10 GbE allowing for longer distances up to 10 kilometers.

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SFP+

SFP+ is a compact, hot-pluggable transceiver used for 10 GbE connections.

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XENPAK

XENPAK is an older standard for 10 GbE that provides a large form factor for optical and electrical connections.

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Fiber-optic Cabling

Cabling made of glass fibers that transmits data using light signals.

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IEEE P802.3ba

An IEEE project aiming to standardize 40 Gbps and 100 Gbps Ethernet technologies.

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Terabit Ethernet

Ethernet standards for data transmission speeds exceeding 100 Gbps, including 200G and 400G.

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Study Notes

Ethernet Basics

  • Ethernet is the infrastructure used by all wired LANs
  • Ethernet's functions and features are defined by IEEE 802.3 standards
  • Ethernet network nodes build data frames to access the network media.
  • Ethernet speeds have increased over the years, primarily through increased media bandwidth and hardware.
  • Network nodes are identified by MAC address. Data is transferred using Ethernet frames

CSMA/CD - Past and Present

  • Half-duplex Ethernet allows only one node to access a network segment at a time.
  • Problems occur when multiple nodes try to send data at the same time (resulting in collisions).
  • Ethernet's CSMA/CD methodology allows access without colliding frames.
  • The CSMA part monitors the media to check if another node is transmitting.
  • The CD part deals with collisions that occur

Origins of Ethernet

  • Researchers at Xerox PARC developed Ethernet standards in the early 1970s to facilitate data exchange between computers.
  • Ethernet standards have changed hands over several revisions.
  • The IEEE 802.3 working group is responsible for updating and controlling Ethernet standards.
  • The Ethernet II frame format uses a Type field, while the IEEE 802.3 frame format uses a Length field.

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