Essential Nutrients Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a macronutrient that provides the body with energy?

  • Vitamin C
  • Vitamin K
  • Potassium
  • Protein (correct)

Which nutrient is found throughout the body and makes up the enzymes that power many chemical reactions?

  • Sodium
  • Vitamin E
  • Protein (correct)
  • Vitamin A

Which type of vitamin is water soluble and essential for the body?

  • Vitamin D
  • Vitamin E
  • Vitamin B1 (correct)
  • Vitamin K

Which mineral is essential for carrying oxygen in the blood?

<p>Iron (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two categories into which essential nutrients can be broken down?

<p>Energy-providing and non-energy-providing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a function of proteins within organisms?

<p>Transporting oxygen in the blood (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary determinant of the differences between proteins?

<p>The sequence of amino acids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for a linear chain of amino acid residues?

<p>Polypeptide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many standard amino acids does the genetic code generally specify?

<p>20 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term commonly used for short polypeptides containing less than 20–30 residues?

<p>Peptides (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the specific 3D structure that determines a protein's activity?

<p>Tertiary structure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bond holds adjacent amino acid residues together in a protein?

<p>Peptide bond (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for a protein that contains at least one long polypeptide?

<p>Macromolecule (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which additional amino acid, not included in the 20 standard amino acids, can be present in the genetic code of certain organisms?

<p>Selenocysteine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term commonly used for short polypeptides containing less than 20–30 residues?

<p>Peptide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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