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Questions and Answers
Which step in essential newborn care helps warm the newborn and stimulates breathing?
What is the benefit of early skin-to-skin contact between mother and newborn?
Why is waiting 30–60 seconds before clamping the cord considered beneficial?
What is the rationale behind continuous non-separation of newborn and mother for early breastfeeding initiation?
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Which routine is designed to prevent hypothermia, infection, and hypoglycemia in newborns?
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How does early skin-to-skin contact benefit both the mother and the baby?
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What components are considered in the Apgar score for assessing the need for resuscitation in newborns?
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Which of the following is a prophylactic medication administered to newborns to prevent bacterial eye infections?
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What is the normal range for a newborn's chest circumference?
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What is the recommended temperature range for newborns?
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What is the main purpose of the Milk code EO.51 National code related to breastfeeding?
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Which vaccine is used to prevent Tuberculosis in newborns?
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Study Notes
Essential Newborn Care
- Immediate drying of newborn for 30 seconds to 1 minute warms the newborn and stimulates breathing
- Skin-to-skin contact between mother and newborn calms and relaxes both, regulates baby's heart rate and breathing, and helps them adapt to life outside the womb
- Early skin-to-skin contact and delayed washing for at least 6 hours prevents hypothermia, infection, and hypoglycemia
- Proper cord clamping and cutting at 30-60 seconds after birth has health benefits for the baby, and waiting for cord pulsation to stop between 1-3 minutes prevents anemia and protects against brain hemorrhage in premature newborns
- Non-separation of newborn from mother for early breastfeeding initiation and rooming-in protects infants from drying and infection
Routine Newborn Care
- Evaluation for the need of resuscitation is done using the Apgar score at 1 and 5 minutes of life
- Complete physical exam includes:
- Length: 46-54 cm
- Head: 34-35 cm
- Chest circumference: 32-33 cm
- Weight: 2.5-4.7 kg
- Respiratory rate: 90 brpm in the first few minutes, settling to 30-60 brpm over an hour
- Heart rate: rapid as 180 bpm in the first few minutes, settling down to 120-140 bpm
- Temperature: 36.44°C - 37°C
- Administration of prophylactic medications and vaccines includes:
- Vitamin K for blood clotting
- Erythromycin for optic antibiotic treatment of bacterial infection of the eye
- Hepatitis B vaccine for immune protection
- BCG vaccine for prevention of Tuberculosis
- Adequate feeding is ensured through the Milk Code EO.51, which aims to protect and promote breastfeeding, and ensure proper use of breastmilk substitutes and supplements with adequate information, marketing, and distribution
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Description
Explore the essential steps in newborn care and understand the rationale behind each step. Learn about immediate drying of the newborn, skin-to-skin contact between mother and baby, and other crucial practices to ensure the well-being of the newborn.
