Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary clinical manifestation associated with achalasia?
What is the primary clinical manifestation associated with achalasia?
- Dysphagia (correct)
- Heartburn
- Melena
- Hematemesis
Which of the following best describes the primary abnormality seen in achalasia based on manometric studies?
Which of the following best describes the primary abnormality seen in achalasia based on manometric studies?
- Complete relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter
- Decreased resting tone of the lower esophageal sphincter
- Partial or incomplete relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter with swallowing (correct)
- Increased esophageal peristalsis
What distinguishes secondary achalasia from primary achalasia?
What distinguishes secondary achalasia from primary achalasia?
- Absence of dilation of the more proximal esophagus
- Involvement of inhibitory innervation loss (correct)
- Presence of heartburn as a symptom
- Complete relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter
What symptom in achalasia might mimic heart pain?
What symptom in achalasia might mimic heart pain?
Which clinical presentation in achalasia suggests severe inflammation, ulceration, or laceration of the esophageal mucosa?
Which clinical presentation in achalasia suggests severe inflammation, ulceration, or laceration of the esophageal mucosa?
What major abnormality in manometric studies characterizes primary achalasia?
What major abnormality in manometric studies characterizes primary achalasia?
What is the primary difference between axial and nonaxial hiatal hernias?
What is the primary difference between axial and nonaxial hiatal hernias?
What is the reported incidence range of hiatal hernias in adult subjects?
What is the reported incidence range of hiatal hernias in adult subjects?
Which factor is more likely to cause heartburn or regurgitation in individuals with hiatal hernias?
Which factor is more likely to cause heartburn or regurgitation in individuals with hiatal hernias?
What is a common issue experienced by individuals with severe reflux esophagitis?
What is a common issue experienced by individuals with severe reflux esophagitis?
Which body position is mentioned to accentuate symptoms in individuals with hiatal hernias?
Which body position is mentioned to accentuate symptoms in individuals with hiatal hernias?
What is suggested to be the key factor contributing to symptoms experienced by individuals with hiatal hernias?
What is suggested to be the key factor contributing to symptoms experienced by individuals with hiatal hernias?
Which condition is characterized by destruction of the myenteric plexus of various organs?
Which condition is characterized by destruction of the myenteric plexus of various organs?
What is the primary pathological feature of primary achalasia?
What is the primary pathological feature of primary achalasia?
Which condition is associated with progressive dysphagia and nocturnal regurgitation?
Which condition is associated with progressive dysphagia and nocturnal regurgitation?
What distinguishes achalasia from hiatal hernia?
What distinguishes achalasia from hiatal hernia?
Which condition may lead to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in about 5% of patients?
Which condition may lead to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in about 5% of patients?
What causes the separation of diaphragmatic crura leading to hiatal hernia?
What causes the separation of diaphragmatic crura leading to hiatal hernia?
What is the relationship between having a sliding hiatal hernia and developing severe reflux esophagitis?
What is the relationship between having a sliding hiatal hernia and developing severe reflux esophagitis?
What condition can result from paraesophageal hernias?
What condition can result from paraesophageal hernias?
When do Mallory-Weiss tears typically occur in chronic alcoholics?
When do Mallory-Weiss tears typically occur in chronic alcoholics?
What percentage of upper gastrointestinal bleeding episodes do esophageal lacerations account for?
What percentage of upper gastrointestinal bleeding episodes do esophageal lacerations account for?
What is the effect of normal variability in intra-abdominal pressure transduced through a hiatal hernia?
What is the effect of normal variability in intra-abdominal pressure transduced through a hiatal hernia?
What is the significance of the presence of a hiatal hernia in patients with Mallory-Weiss tears?
What is the significance of the presence of a hiatal hernia in patients with Mallory-Weiss tears?
