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Questions and Answers
What is the function of the esophagus?
What is the function of the esophagus?
Allows for transmission of food to the stomach
What prevents reflux from the stomach from entering the esophagus?
What prevents reflux from the stomach from entering the esophagus?
Lower esophageal (cardiac) sphincter
What opens with swallowing and prevents air from entering the esophagus?
What opens with swallowing and prevents air from entering the esophagus?
Upper esophageal (pharyngoesophageal) sphincter
What is the main function of the trachea?
What is the main function of the trachea?
What does the upper esophageal sphincter do?
What does the upper esophageal sphincter do?
What prevents reflux from the stomach entering the esophagus?
What prevents reflux from the stomach entering the esophagus?
The trachea is reinforced by many c-shaped ______.
The trachea is reinforced by many c-shaped ______.
The trachea bifurcates at the level of ____ and is called the ____.
The trachea bifurcates at the level of ____ and is called the ____.
The carina is landmarked by which anatomical feature?
The carina is landmarked by which anatomical feature?
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Study Notes
Esophagus
- Transmits food to the stomach for digestion.
- Lower esophageal sphincter prevents stomach reflux into the esophagus; classified as a true sphincter.
- Upper esophageal sphincter opens during swallowing, prevents air entry during breathing, and reduces esophageal backflow into the pharynx; classified as a false sphincter.
Trachea
- Functions as a passage for air transmission.
- Reinforced by C-shaped cartilages providing structural support and flexibility.
- Bifurcates at the level of T5, forming a junction called the carina, which directs airflow into the left and right bronchi.
- The carina is distinguished by the sternal angle of Louis, an important anatomical landmark.
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