Esophagus Anatomy and Physiology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which structure is anterior to the cervical part of the oesophagus?

  • Common carotid artery
  • Longus colli
  • Recurrent laryngeal nerve
  • Trachea (correct)
  • What is the venous drainage for the upper part of the oesophagus?

  • Azygos vein
  • Left gastric vein
  • Brachiocephalic veins (correct)
  • Internal jugular vein
  • Which artery supplies the cervical part of the oesophagus?

  • Thoracic aorta
  • Common carotid artery
  • Inferior Thyroid Artery (correct)
  • Left gastric artery
  • What is the narrowest part of the alimentary canal?

    <p>Oesophagus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do lymphatics from the proximal third of the esophagus drain into?

    <p>Deep cervical lymph nodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what vertebral level does the oesophagus pierce the diaphragm?

    <p>T10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is behind the cervical part of the oesophagus?

    <p>Prevertebral layer of cervical fascia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure of the oesophagus from innermost to outermost layers?

    <p>Mucous Membrane, Sub-mucosa, Muscle Coat, Outermost Fibrous Layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vessel is located to the right of the thoracic part of the oesophagus?

    <p>Azygos vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the upper oesophageal sphincter located?

    <p>Between pharynx and oesophagus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the usual location of the lower oesophageal sphincter?

    <p>At T11 level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does the oesophagus become canalised to form a tube?

    <p><strong>When lateral septa fuse to divide it into trachea and oesophagus</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nerve supply of the upper half of the esophagus?

    <p>Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lymph nodes receive drainage from the middle third of the esophagus?

    <p>Superior and posterior mediastinal nodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes nearly all patients to die if they experience an unrecognized oesophageal perforation?

    <p>Lack of surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main symptom of cancer of the oesophagus?

    <p>Dysphagia (difficulty in swallowing)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In approximately 90% of cases, how does the most common Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula (TEF) present?

    <p>Superior part ends in a blind pouch and inferior part communicates with trachea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition can result from abnormalities in partitioning of the oesophagus and trachea by the tracheo-oesophageal septum?

    <p>Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What provides protection to the esophagus from injuries in the neck region?

    <p>Airway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diagnostic tool commonly used for observing oesophageal cancers?

    <p>Endoscopy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve supplies the lower half of the esophagus mainly through the Oesophageal plexus?

    <p>Vagus Nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by extremely dilated submucosal veins in the lower third of the oesophagus?

    <p>Oesophageal varices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom is often associated with heartburn?

    <p>Regurgitation of gastric acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can compression of the recurrent laryngeal nerves by an oesophageal tumour produce?

    <p>Hoarseness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery supplies the cardia of the stomach and distal esophagus?

    <p>Left Gastric Artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the Right Gastric Artery?

    <p>Common Hepatic Artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery helps supply the greater curvature of the stomach in conjunction with the Left Gastroepiploic Artery?

    <p>Gastroduodenal Artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery supplies a portion of the lesser curvature of the stomach?

    <p>Right Gastric Artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many branches does the Common Hepatic or Proper Hepatic Artery have?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch of the Splenic Artery helps supply the greater curvature of the stomach?

    <p>Left Gastroepiploic Artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

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