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Questions and Answers
What is the primary characteristic of direct catastrophic failures?
What is the primary characteristic of direct catastrophic failures?
- The component will continue to operate but with reduced performance
- The component is permanently damaged and will never function again (correct)
- The component will only fail intermittently
- The component will eventually fail due to ordinary operational stress
What is the main issue with latent failures due to ESD?
What is the main issue with latent failures due to ESD?
- They are difficult to detect during testing
- They result in high repair costs due to aircraft downtime (correct)
- They cause immediate system failure
- They are always detected at the avionics test bench
What type of failure occurs when an ESD event causes a current flow that is not significant enough to cause total failure?
What type of failure occurs when an ESD event causes a current flow that is not significant enough to cause total failure?
- Direct catastrophic failure
- Upset failure (correct)
- Latent failure
- Complete system failure
What is the result of a latent failure due to ESD?
What is the result of a latent failure due to ESD?
Why are latent failures difficult to detect?
Why are latent failures difficult to detect?
What type of damage can ESD cause to a component?
What type of damage can ESD cause to a component?
What is the consequence of returning a component with latent failure damage to service?
What is the consequence of returning a component with latent failure damage to service?
What can happen to a component that has suffered a latent failure due to ESD?
What can happen to a component that has suffered a latent failure due to ESD?
What is the primary purpose of Conductive Transit Trays in an ESD workshop?
What is the primary purpose of Conductive Transit Trays in an ESD workshop?
What is the only way to be certain that a component has not been subjected to ESD?
What is the only way to be certain that a component has not been subjected to ESD?
What is the primary use of tote boxes in an ESD workshop?
What is the primary use of tote boxes in an ESD workshop?
What is a common carrier used for shipment, storage, and automatic handling of Dual In-Line Packages (DIPs)?
What is a common carrier used for shipment, storage, and automatic handling of Dual In-Line Packages (DIPs)?
Why should you not touch the pins of any electronic component?
Why should you not touch the pins of any electronic component?
What should you do when removing ESD-sensitive equipment from an aircraft?
What should you do when removing ESD-sensitive equipment from an aircraft?
What is the purpose of an anti-static lid on a Conductive Transit Tray?
What is the purpose of an anti-static lid on a Conductive Transit Tray?
What is the theory behind the shielding effectiveness of tote boxes?
What is the theory behind the shielding effectiveness of tote boxes?
Why should you fit conductive covers/caps to disconnected plugs?
Why should you fit conductive covers/caps to disconnected plugs?
What is the advantage of using tote boxes with lids over conductive trays alone?
What is the advantage of using tote boxes with lids over conductive trays alone?
Where should ESD-sensitive equipment be opened to expose circuit cards?
Where should ESD-sensitive equipment be opened to expose circuit cards?
What is the purpose of using heel grounders, ESD smocks, and ESD-safe flooring in an ESD workshop?
What is the purpose of using heel grounders, ESD smocks, and ESD-safe flooring in an ESD workshop?
What should you do when installing electronic equipment on an aircraft?
What should you do when installing electronic equipment on an aircraft?
What type of charge can be generated by friction between two objects?
What type of charge can be generated by friction between two objects?
Why should electronic equipment and subassemblies be placed on a grounded anti-static mat?
Why should electronic equipment and subassemblies be placed on a grounded anti-static mat?
What is the purpose of discharging static electricity on yourself by grasping an earthed conductive surface?
What is the purpose of discharging static electricity on yourself by grasping an earthed conductive surface?
What is the primary purpose of ESD-safe smocks and lab coats?
What is the primary purpose of ESD-safe smocks and lab coats?
What is the function of heel strap grounders?
What is the function of heel strap grounders?
What is the main advantage of ESD-safe work envelopes?
What is the main advantage of ESD-safe work envelopes?
What is the primary benefit of using finger cots in ESD-safe areas?
What is the primary benefit of using finger cots in ESD-safe areas?
Why are carpets and tile floors considered points of electrostatic control?
Why are carpets and tile floors considered points of electrostatic control?
What is the primary purpose of workshop anti-static devices?
What is the primary purpose of workshop anti-static devices?
What is the main feature of powder-free pink latex finger cots?
What is the main feature of powder-free pink latex finger cots?
What is the main benefit of using ESD-safe shoes or over-shoes?
What is the main benefit of using ESD-safe shoes or over-shoes?
Why should personnel avoid wearing synthetic clothing under their static-dissipative smocks?
Why should personnel avoid wearing synthetic clothing under their static-dissipative smocks?
What is the purpose of periodically monitoring ESD workstations?
What is the purpose of periodically monitoring ESD workstations?
What is the effect of adding a small percentage of ionised air molecules?
What is the effect of adding a small percentage of ionised air molecules?
What is the role of the high voltage in an ioniser?
What is the role of the high voltage in an ioniser?
What is a characteristic of corona ionisers?
What is a characteristic of corona ionisers?
Why do AC ionisers typically utilise fast airflow velocity?
Why do AC ionisers typically utilise fast airflow velocity?
What is a limitation of using AC ionisers in a clean room environment?
What is a limitation of using AC ionisers in a clean room environment?
What is the result of the interaction between free electrons and air molecules in an ioniser?
What is the result of the interaction between free electrons and air molecules in an ioniser?
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Study Notes
ESD Failures
- Direct catastrophic failures occur when a component is damaged beyond repair, causing immediate failure.
- Latent failures occur when ESD weakens or degrades a component, leading to poor system performance and eventual failure.
- Upset failures occur when an ESD event causes a current flow that is not significant enough to cause total failure, but may intermittently result in gate leakage.
ESD Handling Precautions
- Do not touch the pins of any electronic component.
- Do not touch the sockets or pins within the plugs of any electronic equipment.
- Discharge static electricity by grasping an earthed conductive surface.
- When removing ESD-sensitive equipment from the aircraft, the aircraft must be grounded and power removed.
- Fit conductive covers/caps to disconnected plugs.
- Install electronic equipment on the aircraft by touching the outer shell of the plug to the outer shell of the equipment mating connector to equalise electrostatic potentials.
ESD Protection Devices
- Conductive Transit Trays: used for transporting ESD-sensitive components in an ESD workshop, reducing the likelihood of building up static charge.
- Tote Boxes: anti-static conductive boxes with lids, used for in-plant transport of devices and PCBs to and from controlled static-safe workstations.
- ESD-safe finger cots: powder-free pink latex finger cots, 3-mm thickness, ideal for ESD-safe areas.
- ESD-Safe Smocks and Lab Coats: minimize static build-up on normal clothing and provide a conductive path for charges to dissipate to Earth.
- Heel Strap Grounders: provide a conductive path to Earth, dissipating any charge built up when walking.
- ESD-Safe Work Envelopes: replace plastic envelopes, used to protect maintenance instructions and certification paperwork in ESD-safe work areas.
Workshop Anti-Static Devices
- Ionisers: add equal numbers of positive and negative ions to the air, increasing electrical conductivity, and reducing static discharge time from hours to seconds.
- Corona ionisers: simpler and cheaper to manufacture, use a step-up transformer to create high voltage for ion generation.
- AC ionisers: produce positive and negative ions in sequence, using fast airflow velocity to minimize recombination.
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