ESCI Quarter 2: Weathering and Erosion

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Questions and Answers

What percentage of the Earth's internal heat is contributed by the decay of radioactive elements?

  • 80%
  • 50% (correct)
  • 30%
  • 20%

What is the process by which the melting point of rocks is decreased by diluting in water or carbon dioxide?

  • Flux Melting (correct)
  • Contact Metamorphism
  • Gravitational Pressure
  • Partial Melting

What is the term used to describe the process of rocks melting due to differences in their melting points?

  • Contact Metamorphism
  • Flux Melting
  • Volcanism
  • Partial Melting (correct)

What pattern do the active fractures in the Lithosphere along the ocean floor exhibit?

<p>A pattern that mimics the shapes of the continental coastlines (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the age of the oldest seafloor rock found?

<p>180 million years old (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the formation of composite volcanoes around the subduction zones of the Pacific plate?

<p>Pacific Ring of Fire (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of chemical weathering in cave systems with high Calcium content?

<p>Stalactites and stalagmites (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of weathering where water reacts with CO2 to form weak acids?

<p>Carbonation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the expansion of moisture inside rocks, causing lattice and fractures in the rock?

<p>Freeze-thaw (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the temperature range of the Crust?

<p>200°C to 1000°C (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of geological activities taking place below the Earth's surface?

<p>Plutonism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between pressure and melting point?

<p>As pressure increases, the required temperature to melt a material also increases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to sediments as oceanic crust subducts?

<p>They are carried with the subducting crust, rich in silicates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the higher silicon content in magma?

<p>More violent volcanoes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is observed on either side of the mid-ocean ridge?

<p>Similar patterns of seafloor magnetism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the stage of an ocean basin when a rift valley is formed?

<p>Embryonic ocean basin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a narrow sea as continents diverge?

<p>It expands and becomes a larger ocean (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the current stage of the Atlantic Ocean?

<p>Mature ocean basin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when an ocean is surrounded by converging continents?

<p>The ocean basin is stripped of its materials due to subduction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the collision of continents?

<p>The creation of a mountainous region (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of index fossils?

<p>To act as markers to the age of the layers of the crust (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of ocean basin materials melting back into the mantle?

<p>Recycling process (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do continents hold greater amounts of evidence of geological history?

<p>Because the recycling process is a faster rate of destroying rocks than the weathering and erosion on the continent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process when an ocean turns into a sea?

<p>Terminal ocean basin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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