Leukocyte Disorders

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Questions and Answers

What is the absolute monocyte count threshold for monocytosis in adults?

  • 1.0 x 10^9/L (correct)
  • 5.0 x 10^9/L
  • 2.0 x 10^9/L
  • 3.0 x 10^9/L

Which condition is NOT associated with monocytosis?

  • Hypersensitivity reactions
  • Infections
  • Anemia (correct)
  • Tissue repair

What is the defining absolute lymphocyte count for lymphocytosis in adults?

  • 3.0 x 10^9/L
  • 2.0 x 10^9/L
  • 10.0 x 10^9/L
  • 5.0 x 10^9/L (correct)

What is the threshold for lymphocytopenia in children based on the absolute lymphocyte count?

<p>2.0 x 10^9/L (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is commonly associated with lymphocytopenia?

<p>Aplastic anemia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes Pelger-Huet anomaly?

<p>Distinctive coarse chromatin clumping pattern (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major function of neutrophils in the innate immune system?

<p>Phagocytosis and destruction of foreign material and microorganisms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cytokines are critical for eosinophil growth and survival?

<p>IL-5 and IL-33 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which transcription factors are involved in establishing the eosinophil lineage?

<p>GATA-1, PU.1, and c/EBP (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of eosinophil promyelocytes?

<p>Presence of Charcot-Leyden crystal protein in their primary granules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of eosinophil cell stage is characterized by the presence of large, pale, reddish-orange secondary granules?

<p>Myelocytes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of mature eosinophils?

<p>Presence of a bilobed nucleus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are common symptoms of myelodysplastic syndromes?

<p>Fatigue and weakness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of death in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes?

<p>Infection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average survival time from the time of diagnosis for myelodysplastic syndromes?

<p>5 years (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What part of the body experiences pain in patients with splenomegaly?

<p>Left upper quadrant (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of myelodysplastic syndromes in elderly patients?

<p>Stable morphologic abnormalities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cell lines are affected by progressive cytopenias in myelodysplastic syndromes?

<p>Erythroid, myeloid, and/or megakaryocytic cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells are primarily responsible for killing virus and tumor infected cells?

<p>Natural Killer cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) caused by gamma chain deficiency, which of the following cells are affected?

<p>T cells, B cells, and Natural Killer cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) deficiency SCID?

<p>Autosomal recessive inheritance of mutations in the ADA gene (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of SCID?

<p>Enlarged tonsils and lymph nodes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary defect in Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome (WAS)?

<p>Mutations in the WAS gene, leading to decreased WASP protein levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common feature of Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome?

<p>Autoimmune disorders (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the peak incidence of polycythemia vera?

<p>Occurs most often in people under the age of 30 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of the increased risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with polycythemia vera?

<p>Increased blood viscosity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom associated with the increased blood viscosity in polycythemia vera?

<p>Fever (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of therapeutic phlebotomy in the early stages of polycythemia vera?

<p>To decrease the hematocrit to less than 45% for men and 42% for women (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of hydroxyurea in the treatment of polycythemia vera?

<p>It inhibits DNA synthesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical range of the platelet count in patients with essential thrombocytosis?

<p>Greater than 1000 x 10^9/L (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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