Thursday class - 6th of FEB - HML 2013 - CRN 25609
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary site of erythropoiesis in the body?

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The balance between RBC production and destruction is an important aspect of erythropoiesis.

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What is the earliest recognizable erythroid cell in the bone marrow?

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Erythropoiesis involves the proliferation and __________ of immature cells.

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Match the stages of erythropoiesis with their descriptions:

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What is the primary hormone that regulates erythropoiesis?

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Erythropoiesis is the formation of white blood cells.

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What is the average lifespan of a mature erythrocyte?

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The destruction of red blood cells by macrophages is known as __________ destruction.

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Which of the following factors are necessary for the formation of fully functioning red blood cells?

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Match the components of the reticuloendothelial system (R.E.S.) with their functions:

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EPO levels increase when oxygen supply to renal tissues is high.

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What percentage of the body's red blood cells are destroyed and replaced each day?

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What is the primary coloration of the cytoplasm in the polychromatic normoblast?

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The mature erythrocyte has a diameter of 5 - 6 µm.

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What type of cells are not usually seen in peripheral blood (PB)?

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The size of the polychromatic normoblast ranges from _____ µm in diameter.

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Match the following erythrocyte stages with their characteristics:

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Which erythrocyte stage is characterized by the presence of a small, dense nucleus?

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Mitochondria are evident in the orthochromatic normoblast.

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What is the typical staining method used to observe reticulocytes?

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Flashcards

Erythropoiesis

Regulated process of red blood cell (RBC) production in the bone marrow.

Erythron

The entire mass of mature and immature RBCs in the body.

Stages of Erythropoiesis

Includes proliferation and maturation of RBC precursors.

Proerythroblast

The earliest recognizable erythroid cell in the bone marrow, 12-20 µm in size.

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Early Erythroblast

A slightly smaller cell than proerythroblast, 10-16 µm, begins forming hemoglobin.

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Nucleus of erythrocytes

Occupies less of the cell with condensed chromatin and no nucleoli.

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Cytoplasm of erythrocytes

Predominantly blue (RNA) with a pinkish hue indicating Hb production.

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Polychromatic normoblast

Smaller than basophilic normoblast and contains twice the amount of Hb; has a purple-pink color.

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Ortho chromatic normoblast

Size of 8-10 µm, with an eccentric nucleus and predominantly pink cytoplasm.

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Polychromatophilic erythrocyte

Young RBC with some RNA remnants, size of 8-10 µm, nucleus extruded.

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Reticulocyte

Mature erythrocyte released into blood, requires 1-2 days to mature.

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Mature erythrocytes

Biconcave disc shape, diameter of 7-8 µm.

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Size of basophilic normoblast

Diameter ranges from 8-14 µm, larger than polychromatic normoblast.

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Lifespan of RBCs

Red blood cells have an average lifespan of 120 days.

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Erythropoietin (EPO)

A hormone that regulates erythropoiesis by increasing progenitor cells.

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EPO Production Regulation

EPO levels increase when oxygen supply to kidneys decreases.

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Essential Factors for Erythropoiesis

Iron, vitamins B12, folic acid, and hormones like SCF are vital for RBC formation.

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Reticuloendothelial System (R.E.S.)

System consisting of spleen, liver, and bone marrow responsible for RBC destruction.

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Ineffective Erythropoiesis

Condition where more than 15% of immature RBCs fail to mature.

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Destruction of RBCs

RBCs are primarily destroyed by macrophages through extravascular destruction.

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