33 Questions
What is a characteristic feature of megaloblastic anemia?
Presence of hypersegmented neutrophils
Which test is a good indicator of accelerated hemolysis?
Autohemolysis test
What is a typical finding in Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP)?
Presence of Schistocytes
Which gene mutation is associated with Congenital Dyserythropoietic Anemia type 2 (CDA2)?
SEC23B gene
What is a confirmatory test for Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH)?
Flow cytometry
In Acquired Stomatocytosis, what are often seen as artifacts on Wright stain?
Burr cells
What is the main reason hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) can produce all lineages of blood cells throughout an individual's lifetime?
They have the ability to self-renew by asymmetric division.
Approximately how many erythrocytes can bone marrow estimate producing per kg of body weight?
2.5 billion
What is the estimated production of platelets per kg of body weight by bone marrow?
2.5 billion
Which characteristic is NOT a criterion for red blood cell maturation?
Parachromatin presence
What is the approximate duration taken by a BFU-E (burst-forming unit-erythroid) to mature?
18-21 days
What is the pathophysiological mechanism behind the formation of platelet vWF thrombi in TTP?
Autoantibody to ADAMTS-13
Which diagnostic test is commonly used for pernicious anemia?
Schillings test (uses radioactive Vit.B12)
What type of Hemoglobin mutation is associated with Hgb S?
Glutamic acid to valine
Which virus can cause a transient aplastic crisis in chronic hemolytic anemia?
Parvovirus B19 infection
What is the characteristic feature of AIHA (Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia)?
Increase OFT, DAT +
Which condition results in the increase in the number of spherocytes in the blood?
Post-splenectomy
What is the most preferable site for an adult to collect bone marrow?
Iliac crest
Which phospholipid flips into the outer leaflet, playing a role in cell signaling?
Phosphatidylserine
Where is the location of MN blood group antigens?
Glycophorin A
Which chromosome location harbors the Alpha and Zeta genes?
Chromosome 16
What is the primary physiological response to increased anemia demand?
Extramedullary hematopoiesis in the liver and spleen
Which hormone is the master regulator of iron metabolism with a negative effect on RBC production?
Hepcidin
What initiates an intracellular message to developing erythroid cells?
Erythropoietin (EPO)
Where does iron need to be in order for hemoglobin to combine with oxygen?
Ferrous state (Fe2+)
What physiological response occurs to meet the demand for increased anemia?
Extramedullary hematopoiesis in the liver and spleen
What is characteristic of Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs)?
Capable of cell renewal
What is the primary regulator of erythropoiesis and where is it produced?
Erythropoietin in the kidney
Which structure of hemoglobin has iron in the ferric state and is unable to carry oxygen?
Methemoglobin
What is the main function of the enzyme GSH in red blood cells?
Neutralizes accumulating oxidants
Which component is mainly responsible for lateral distribution during the passage of red blood cells through narrow capillaries?
Phospholipids and cholesterol
What is the integral protein responsible for anchoring Band 3 and Protein 4.2 in red blood cells?
Glycophorin A
What happens to red blood cells when phospholipids redistribute to the outer layer?
- They are destroyed by macrophages
Test your knowledge on the process of erythropoiesis and the structure of hemoglobin. Questions cover topics like the regulation of red blood cell production, the role of EPO, and the structure of oxidized hemoglobin.
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