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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of sediment traps in construction sites?
What is the primary function of sediment traps in construction sites?
- To increase stormwater run-off
- To allow sediments from stormwater to settle (correct)
- To enhance soil erosion
- To transport sediments to other locations
How do sediment basins differ from sediment traps?
How do sediment basins differ from sediment traps?
- Sediment basins are used in residential areas only
- Sediment basins are smaller in size
- Sediment basins are solely for agricultural use
- Sediment basins have a controlled water release structure (correct)
What process leads to the addition of solid particles to water bodies?
What process leads to the addition of solid particles to water bodies?
- Erosion
- Run-off
- Sedimentation (correct)
- Percolation
What is an earth dike constructed to do?
What is an earth dike constructed to do?
Which of the following factors does NOT contribute to erosion on construction sites?
Which of the following factors does NOT contribute to erosion on construction sites?
What is the main purpose of site assessment before design?
What is the main purpose of site assessment before design?
What primarily characterizes stormwater run-off?
What primarily characterizes stormwater run-off?
Which of the following statements about erosion is true?
Which of the following statements about erosion is true?
What is the primary benefit of using adaptive plants in landscaping?
What is the primary benefit of using adaptive plants in landscaping?
Which of the following statements is true regarding invasive plants?
Which of the following statements is true regarding invasive plants?
What does the term 'building footprint' refer to?
What does the term 'building footprint' refer to?
What is included in the development footprint?
What is included in the development footprint?
What is the heat island effect?
What is the heat island effect?
What is the significance of rainwater management in urban development?
What is the significance of rainwater management in urban development?
To qualify for credit calculations, what must a vegetated roof satisfy?
To qualify for credit calculations, what must a vegetated roof satisfy?
What is a primary goal of rainwater quantity control in development?
What is a primary goal of rainwater quantity control in development?
What does Solar Reflectance measure?
What does Solar Reflectance measure?
Which of the following statements correctly describes Solar Reflective Index (SRI)?
Which of the following statements correctly describes Solar Reflective Index (SRI)?
What SRI value is associated with PVC White roofing material?
What SRI value is associated with PVC White roofing material?
To achieve a higher SRI value, which of the following must be true?
To achieve a higher SRI value, which of the following must be true?
What is the intent of Light Pollution Reduction in sustainable sites?
What is the intent of Light Pollution Reduction in sustainable sites?
Which material has the highest solar reflectance according to the data provided?
Which material has the highest solar reflectance according to the data provided?
What is a significant consequence of excess light pollution?
What is a significant consequence of excess light pollution?
What is reflected in the SRI values provided for construction materials?
What is reflected in the SRI values provided for construction materials?
What is one primary benefit of conducting a site assessment prior to design?
What is one primary benefit of conducting a site assessment prior to design?
Which of the following factors is NOT typically assessed during a site evaluation?
Which of the following factors is NOT typically assessed during a site evaluation?
How can a thorough site assessment impact project costs?
How can a thorough site assessment impact project costs?
Which aspect of climate is NOT typically evaluated in a site assessment?
Which aspect of climate is NOT typically evaluated in a site assessment?
What elements of vegetation should be mapped during a site assessment?
What elements of vegetation should be mapped during a site assessment?
Which of the following describes a liability identified in a site assessment?
Which of the following describes a liability identified in a site assessment?
What type of topographical feature is essential to assess for slope stability risks?
What type of topographical feature is essential to assess for slope stability risks?
Which assessment strategy focuses on the management of water resources?
Which assessment strategy focuses on the management of water resources?
What is a primary consequence of storm water mixing with sewage in treatment plants?
What is a primary consequence of storm water mixing with sewage in treatment plants?
Which of the following is a benefit of reducing storm water run-off?
Which of the following is a benefit of reducing storm water run-off?
What does eutrophication result from?
What does eutrophication result from?
How can rainwater be effectively used according to sustainable strategies?
How can rainwater be effectively used according to sustainable strategies?
What defines an impervious surface?
What defines an impervious surface?
Which method is NOT suggested for reducing storm water run-off?
Which method is NOT suggested for reducing storm water run-off?
What is one of the purposes of a rain garden?
What is one of the purposes of a rain garden?
Which aspect of storm water run-off can lead to environmental pollution?
Which aspect of storm water run-off can lead to environmental pollution?
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Study Notes
Erosion and Sedimentation Control Measures
- Silt Fence: Used on construction sites to prevent sediment from leaving the site.
- Sediment Traps: Structures where stormwater sediments settle down.
- Sediment Basins: Larger than traps, these ponds with controlled release allow for sediment settling from run-off.
- Earth Dikes: Mounds of stabilized soil that redirect run-off to sediment traps and basins.
Site Assessment
- Purpose: Evaluates site conditions and informs sustainable design options.
- Favorable conditions: Includes good climate, solar access, and healthy vegetation.
- Liabilities: Comprises unhealthy soils, pollution sources, and extreme climate patterns.
- Design Implications: Influences plant selection, building orientation for wind and solar advantages, and rainwater management.
Key Site Assessment Strategies
- Topography: Analyze slopes and contour mapping to assess stability risks.
- Hydrology: Identify flood hazards, wetlands, and opportunities for rainwater collection.
- Climate: Examine solar exposure and prevailing winds to inform design.
- Vegetation: Survey primary plant types, significant trees, and presence of invasive species.
Plant Considerations
- Adaptive Plants: Non-native species adaptable to local conditions with low resource requirements.
- Invasive Plants: Require high maintenance and should be avoided.
- Native and Adaptive Plant Use: Recommended for sustainable landscaping.
Development Footprint Terminology
- Building Footprint: Area occupied by the building structure, excluding non-building areas.
- Development Footprint: Includes all affected areas such as buildings, roads, parking, and other facilities.
Heat Island Effect
- Definition: The temperature difference between urban and rural areas, caused by increased impervious surfaces.
- Impact: Results in elevated urban temperatures, impacting energy use and comfort.
Rainwater Management
- Intent: Aims to reduce stormwater run-off volume and improve water quality by mimicking natural hydrology.
- Challenges: Combined stormwater and sewage systems can lead to overloaded treatment plants and increased energy usage.
- Contaminants: Run-off from developed areas often carries pollutants impacting aquatic ecosystems.
Strategies for Effective Rainwater Management
- Reduce Impervious Areas: Opt for clustering developments to decrease paved surfaces.
- Rainwater Harvesting: Collecting rainwater for irrigation and toilet flushing.
- Pervious Materials: Implementing materials that allow water infiltration.
- Green Infrastructure: Utilizing vegetated roofs, filter strips, bioswales, and retention ponds.
Important Terminologies
- Aquifer: Underground water-bearing rock from which water can be extracted.
- Impervious Surface: Surfaces that promote stormwater run-off with less than 50% perviousness.
- Rain Gardens: Designed to absorb rainwater run-off from impervious areas.
Solar Reflectance and SRI
- Solar Reflectance/Albedo: Measure of a surface's ability to reflect solar radiation.
- Solar Reflective Index (SRI): Indicates materials' ability to minimize heat absorption; higher values indicate lower heat island effect potential.
- Material Comparison: Various materials including Gray EPDM, PVC White, and White Coatings have significantly different SRI values.
Light Pollution Reduction
- Objective: To enhance nighttime sky visibility and reduce the adverse effects on wildlife and human activities.
- Energy Efficiency: Excessive lighting leads to higher energy costs and environmental impacts.
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