Ergonomics Basics

What is Ergonomics?

• Ergonomics is the scientific study of people and their work, derived from Greek words "ergon" meaning work and "nomos" meaning natural rules or laws.
• Ergonomics is the science of fitting workplace conditions and job demands to the capabilities of employees.

Benefits of Ergonomics

• Increased productivity and organisational effectiveness
• Improved management of risk
• Improved wellbeing of staff
• More effective personnel selection
• Reduced product development time
• Increased product sales
• Tasks completed more efficiently and effectively
• Equipment and tools are easier to learn and use
• Improved procedures and training programmes
• Fewer errors occur
• Improved communication within/across teams

Ergonomic Injuries

• Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) or Repetitive Stress Injuries (RSIs) affect ligament, tendon, nerves, muscle, and joints.
• Ergonomic injuries are caused by exposure to ergonomic risk factors such as:
  • Repetitive strain
  • Prolonged exposure to abnormal temperatures or vibration
  • Prolonged awkward posture
  • Forceful exertion or using vibrating tools
  • Performing repetitive motions
  • Using the hand or knee to make repeated impacts
  • Heavy, frequent, or awkward lifting
  • Standing too long in one position
  • Mechanical pressure (leaning against a hard edge)
  • Environmental conditions: poor lighting, extreme heat or cold
• Symptoms of MSDs include:
  • Painful joints
  • Pain in wrists, shoulders, forearms, knees
  • Pain, tingling, or numbness in hands or feet
  • Fingers or toes turning white
  • Shooting or stabbing pains in arms or legs
  • Back or neck pain
  • Swelling or inflammation
  • Stiffness
  • Burning sensation

Examples of Ergonomic Injuries

• Wrist/Carpal Tunnel: Wrist injuries including Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
• Elbow: Tennis Elbow
• Shoulder: Shoulder and rotator cuff injuries
• Neck: Neck pain
• Knee & ankle: Sprains, strains, and tears
• Back pain: Lower back pain and injuries

Prevention of Musculoskeletal Disorders

• Improved Work Techniques: use helpful equipment to decrease risk factors
• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): wear protective gear to reduce injury risk
• Better tools and resources: ensure hand tools fit the job and reduce risk factors

Learn about the scientific study of people and their work, including the principles of fitting workplace conditions to employee capabilities. Improve productivity and reduce workplace hazards.