Ergonomics and Workplace Posture Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main benefit of gaining weight in terms of pressure on the ischial tuberosities?

  • It has no effect on pressure on the ischial tuberosities
  • It increases the physiological cushion and decreases pressure by 400% (correct)
  • It increases pressure on the ischial tuberosities
  • It increases the contact area from 25 cm³ to 900-1050 cm³

    • What is the main advantage of a Balans (kneeling) chair?

  • It allows for greater leg movement
  • It can be used for long periods without discomfort
  • It preserves the lumbar lordosis (correct)
  • It has a backrest to support the upper back

    • What is the recommended inclination angle for a backrest?

  • 180 degrees
  • 110 degrees (correct)
  • There is no recommended angle
  • 90 degrees

    • What is the recommended height for armrests?

    <p>Equal to the distance between the olecranon process and lower point of the hip, plus 2 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of a 90 degree backrest inclination on the spine?

    <p>It causes the trunk to move anteriorly and the spine to flatten</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of a backrest?

    <p>To provide support mainly to the lower back</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended height range for locating hands when working at a table?

    <p>25 cm, between 54 and 79 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of table height is better for applying force while working?

    <p>A low table</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor contributes to achieving good posture, according to the text?

    <p>Proper body mechanics and workplace design</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of maintaining the natural spine curvature when working?

    <p>It optimizes pressure distribution and reduces muscle activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors are included in proper workplace design, according to the text?

    <p>The machine, tools, and environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of maintaining a neutral joints position in work posture?

    <p>Results in optimal muscles length for greater force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should work be kept close to the body according to work posture biomechanics?

    <p>To increase the external load lever arm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does prolonged bending forward affect stress on muscles and ligaments?

    <p>Causes more stress due to longer lever arm of body weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it recommended to avoid trunk twisting in work posture?

    <p>Can cause asymmetric stress on both sides and expose discs to prolapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of sudden movements and forces in work posture according to the text?

    <p>Produces large, short-duration stresses that expose to injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does limiting continuous muscular effort duration impact work posture?

    <p>Results in compensatory awkward posture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about muscular exhaustion is true?

    <p>Complete recovery from muscular exhaustion can take several hours.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about resting periods is correct?

    <p>More frequent short breaks are better than a single long one for reducing muscular fatigue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an advantage of sitting posture?

    <p>It reduces energy consumption by providing support and stability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about chair design is true?

    <p>The inclination angle between the seat and back rest should be 100-110 degrees.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of good weight distribution in chair design?

    <p>To eliminate discomfort and avoid circulatory restriction to the gluteal region.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a disadvantage of sitting posture mentioned in the text?

    <p>It restricts mobility to a certain place.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of using castor castors on a chair?

    <p>To allow the chair to be moved frequently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of standing work positions?

    <p>To allow for upper limb force tasks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of a sit-stand workplace or pedestal stool?

    <p>It allows the user to adjust the height and tilt of the seat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main disadvantage of a sit-stand workplace or pedestal stool?

    <p>It cannot be used for long periods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of the height of the work surface?

    <p>It determines the height of the hands and focal point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main issue with a work surface that is too thick?

    <p>It can restrict leg room under the table</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Workstation Design

    • Adjustable table height: 54-79 cm to accommodate elbow height
    • Low table: reduces arm raising and makes it easier to apply force
    • High table: reduces bending forward and improves view of work

    Good Posture

    • Achieved by:
      • Proper body mechanics: maintaining natural spine curvature, balancing internal and external forces
      • Proper workplace design: considering machine, tools, and environment
    • Periodic movements can delay fatigue
    • Cushioning: decreases pressure on ischial tuberosities by 400% and increases contact area from 25 cm³ to 900-1050 cm³

    Seating

    Balans (Kneeling) Chair

    • Seat is forward inclined by 20 degrees
    • Advantages: preserves lumber lordosis, provides knee support, and prevents body from sliding forward
    • Disadvantages: cannot be used for long periods due to pressure on knees, has limited leg movement, and lacks backrest

    Backrest

    • Provides support mainly to the lower back
    • Adjustment range: 10 cm (heights between 20 and 30 cm)
    • Inclination angle: 90 degrees (trunk will move anterior and lean forward), 110 degrees (decreases intra discal pressure and muscle activity)

    Arm Rests

    • Height: equal to distance between olecranon process to lower point of hip +2 cm
    • Can support the weight of arms and trunk
    • Useful when rising from chair

    Work Posture Biomechanics

    • Maintain neutral joint positions
    • Keep work close to the body
    • Avoid prolonged bending forward and twisting
    • Alternate postures and movements
    • Limit continuous muscular effort duration
    • Prevent muscular exhaustion
    • Take frequent short breaks

    Sitting

    • Advantages:
      • Most common posture of work and daily life
      • Better than standing for circulation
      • Provides more support and stability for body parts
      • Suitable for fine manipulative tasks
      • Takes the weight off lower limbs
    • Disadvantages:
      • Restricts subject mobility
      • Prolonged sitting affects abdominal muscles and spine curvature

    Chair Characteristics

    • Good weight distribution to eliminate discomfort and circulatory restriction
    • Preserve lumber lordosis (25°)
    • Allow four right angles at hips, knees, ankles, and elbows joints
    • Short chair to allow close proximity to table

    Standing

    • Used for upper limb force tasks
    • Prolonged standing should be alternated with sitting or walking
    • Breaks should include sitting, reclined, or supine positions
    • Sloping of table tops or seat improves work positions and adjusts posture with workstation

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on ergonomics and workplace posture with this quiz covering topics like physiological cushioning, pressure distribution, seat sloping, and Balans chairs. Learn about how weight gain affects soft tissue under the ischial tuberosity and the benefits of using a kneeling chair.

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