Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

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Questions and Answers

What is erectile dysfunction primarily characterized by?

The inability to achieve orgasm

The premature ejaculation

The inability to attain or maintain an erection (correct)

The aversion to sexual activity

Which type of erectile dysfunction involves a loss of neuromuscular function?

Psychogenic ED

Vascular ED

Hormonal ED

Atonic ED (correct)

Which of the following conditions is NOT commonly associated with atonic erectile dysfunction?

Spinal cord tumors

Congenital spinal cord anomalies

Advanced syphilis

Parkinson's disease (correct)

What is a recommended oral therapy for erectile dysfunction?

Sildenafil citrate Signup and view all the answers

To whom is Viagra contraindicated?

Patients using nitrates Signup and view all the answers

Which medication class is known to potentially cause erectile dysfunction?

Antihypertensives Signup and view all the answers

What should patients be informed about regarding the use of ED medications?

Headaches and hypotension can occur Signup and view all the answers

What is an important nursing intervention for patients who receive a penile implant?

Monitor for signs of infection Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following illicit substances is known to contribute to erectile dysfunction?

Alcohol Signup and view all the answers

What role does sexual stimulation play in the effectiveness of ED medications?

It enhances the medication's effectiveness Signup and view all the answers

What is a common causative organism of prostatitis?

E. coli Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is most commonly associated with acute prostatitis?

Weak urinary stream Signup and view all the answers

What diagnostic test is essential for identifying organisms in prostatitis?

Culture and sensitivity tests Signup and view all the answers

Which management technique is commonly used for pain control in chronic prostatitis?

Anti-inflammatory agents Signup and view all the answers

What is a notable risk factor for developing epididymitis?

Prolonged physical exertion Signup and view all the answers

What condition results from a prepuce that is too small to allow retraction?

Phimosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the first-line treatment for paraphimosis?

Manual reduction Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of epididymitis?

Mild abdominal pain Signup and view all the answers

Which of these represents a common nursing intervention for prostatitis?

Providing sitz baths for comfort Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential complication of untreated epididymitis?

Necrosis of testicular tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary nursing intervention following a circumcision?

Apply sterile petrolatum gauze dressing Signup and view all the answers

What symptom might indicate a hydrocele is developing rapidly?

Sudden pain onset Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic tool is used to differentiate between hydrocele and testicular cancer?

Strong light test from behind the scrotum Signup and view all the answers

What condition may develop if varicocele is persistent and untreated?

Infertility Signup and view all the answers

What is one method of treatment for a large and uncomfortable hydrocele?

Aspiration of fluid from the sac Signup and view all the answers

What is a common clinical manifestation of varicocele?

A 'pulling sensation' in the scrotum Signup and view all the answers

What management step can be taken immediately after aspiration of a hydrocele?

Assess for continued bleeding Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a method used in the medical management of varicocele?

Sealing off the problem vein Signup and view all the answers

How should scrotal support be provided to a patient with hydrocele?

With elevation and stability Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential sign of testicular cancer during clinical assessments?

Unilateral mass without light passage Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Erectile Dysfunction

Erectile dysfunction is the inability of an adult man to attain or maintain an erect penis that allows for satisfactory sexual performance.
Psychological causes include stress, depression, and other mental conditions.
Organic causes include anatomical anomalies, atonic ED, surgical interventions, medications, illicit or abused substances, and diseases like diabetes mellitus or renal disease.
Atonic ED involves the loss of neuromuscular function and inability to maintain an erection.
Conditions associated with atonic ED include advanced syphilis, congenital spinal cord anomalies, spinal cord tumors, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Multiple sclerosis, or cord compression caused by a herniated disc.
Medications that can cause ED include antihypertensives, antidepressants, antihyperlipidemics, diuretics, drugs for Parkinson’s Disease, some cardiac agents and antianxiety agents.
Sildenafil citrate (Viagra) is an oral therapy for erectile dysfunction.
Viagra enhances smooth muscle relaxation and blood inflow in the corpus cavernosum during sexual stimulation.
Viagra is contraindicated in patients using nitrates due to potential hypotensive effects.
Penile self-injected medications like alprostadil and phentolamine can also be used.
Mechanical devices like surgical penile prosthesis implantation are available.

Prostatitis

Prostatitis is an inflammation or infection of the prostate gland.
Causative organisms include E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, Pseudomonas, Streptococcus, N. gonorrhea, and C. trachomatis.
Nonbacterial prostatitis can be caused by conditions related to urethral occlusion.
Acute prostatitis presents with chills, fever, prostate pain & tenderness, arthralgias, dysuria, frequency, nocturia, weak stream, hesitancy, and acute urinary retention.
Chronic prostatitis has a slower onset, is not typically systemic, and often presents with dysuria and recurrent urinary tract infections.
Prostatic massage can help collect secretions for culture and sensitivity tests.
Antibiotic therapy is the mainstay treatment, lasting 4-16 weeks.
Anti-inflammatory agents are used for pain control.
Bed rest, sitz baths, stool softeners, and bladder drainage with suprapubic catheterization (if acute urinary retention develops) are key nursing interventions.

Epididymitis

Epididymitis is an infection of the epididymis, the excretory duct of the testicle.
It can occur unilaterally or bilaterally.
The infection usually travels to the epididymis from the urethra.
Causative organisms include S. aureus, E. coli, Streptococcus species, and N. gonorrhea.
Risk factors include being uncircumcised, recent urinary tract surgery, structural issues, regular urethral catheter use, and unprotected sex with multiple partners.
Symptoms include severe scrotal pain radiating along the spermatic tube, scrotal edema and tenderness, "duck walk", pyuria, blood in semen, chills, fever, swelling and tenderness of affected testicle, and enlarged lymph nodes.
Treatment includes scrotal support, cold application, antibiotic therapy, and incision and drainage if an abscess forms.

Phimosis & Paraphimosis

Phimosis is a condition where the foreskin is too small to retract over the glans penis.
Paraphimosis is the inability to return the retracted foreskin over the glans due to edema.
Phimosis is often congenital and can be caused by adhesions from inflammation or disease and poor hygiene.
Paraphimosis is a urologic emergency requiring manual reduction, ice application, puncture method, or tourniquet application.
Circumcision is the definitive treatment for both phimosis and paraphimosis.

Hydrocele

Hydrocele is an accumulation of fluid between the two layers of the tunica vaginalis, a membrane covering the testicle.
Most hydroceles occur in males over 21, but can occur in infants and children.
Causes include trauma, orchitis (inflammation of the testes), or epididymitis.
Symptoms include slow scrotal enlargement and pain if it develops suddenly.
Treatment includes fluid aspiration or surgical removal of the sac if swelling becomes large or uncomfortable.

Varicocele

Varicocele is a condition where veins within the scrotum become dilated, usually due to internal spermatic vein reflux.
Obstruction and malfunctioning of the veins cause engorgement and elongation, preventing blood drainage from the testes.
Persistent varicocele can lead to infertility.
Symptoms include a pulling sensation causing dull aching and pain accompanied by scrotal edema.
Treatment involves sealing off the problem vein through ligation or embolization.

Cancer of the Testis

The causes of testicular cancer are unknown or unclear.
It is a relatively rare cancer but is the most common type of cancer in men aged 15-35.

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Description

This quiz covers the causes and treatments of erectile dysfunction, including both psychological and organic factors. Learn about the implications of atonic erectile dysfunction and the role medications like Sildenafil citrate play in treatment. Test your knowledge on this important health topic.