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Questions and Answers
What did Thomas Hobbes assert about natural equality?
What did Thomas Hobbes assert about natural equality?
What crucial aspect did Hobbes emphasize regarding individuals?
What crucial aspect did Hobbes emphasize regarding individuals?
According to Rousseau, which of the following is a consequence of social and material inequalities?
According to Rousseau, which of the following is a consequence of social and material inequalities?
How did Rousseau believe equality could be achieved?
How did Rousseau believe equality could be achieved?
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What did Karl Marx reject in favor of his ideas?
What did Karl Marx reject in favor of his ideas?
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What is essential for mutual respect among members of society, according to Rousseau?
What is essential for mutual respect among members of society, according to Rousseau?
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What did Hobbes believe was necessary for every individual, regardless of their abilities?
What did Hobbes believe was necessary for every individual, regardless of their abilities?
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What aspect did Marx consider foundational for achieving equality?
What aspect did Marx consider foundational for achieving equality?
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What aspect of society does Marx emphasize for achieving equality?
What aspect of society does Marx emphasize for achieving equality?
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What does natural equality signify?
What does natural equality signify?
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According to Tocqueville, what is necessary to ensure equality in the judiciary?
According to Tocqueville, what is necessary to ensure equality in the judiciary?
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What does equality before the law mean?
What does equality before the law mean?
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Which philosopher believed in natural equality within the State of Nature?
Which philosopher believed in natural equality within the State of Nature?
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What does Tocqueville argue about the relationship between equality and liberty?
What does Tocqueville argue about the relationship between equality and liberty?
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What is one consequence of economic inequality according to the content?
What is one consequence of economic inequality according to the content?
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According to Harold Laski, what should equality focus on?
According to Harold Laski, what should equality focus on?
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What is one of the main purposes of establishing equality in society?
What is one of the main purposes of establishing equality in society?
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Which of the following is a facet of equality highlighted in the content?
Which of the following is a facet of equality highlighted in the content?
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What did Ernest Barker propose regarding property rights?
What did Ernest Barker propose regarding property rights?
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Which system is mentioned as a major obstacle to social equality?
Which system is mentioned as a major obstacle to social equality?
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What is essential for deprived sections of the population to compete with privileged sections?
What is essential for deprived sections of the population to compete with privileged sections?
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What does economic equality aim to achieve?
What does economic equality aim to achieve?
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How does equality aim to address the issues within society?
How does equality aim to address the issues within society?
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What is suggested as necessary to achieve both social and economic equality?
What is suggested as necessary to achieve both social and economic equality?
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What is the main focus of Mahatma Phule and Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar in the context of social equality?
What is the main focus of Mahatma Phule and Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar in the context of social equality?
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Which of the following is NOT identified as a basis for discrimination in society?
Which of the following is NOT identified as a basis for discrimination in society?
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What is social equality expected to eliminate?
What is social equality expected to eliminate?
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How does the State ensure social equality according to the content?
How does the State ensure social equality according to the content?
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What does the content suggest is the responsibility of the State regarding social status?
What does the content suggest is the responsibility of the State regarding social status?
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What recent societal issue is highlighted in the context of social equality in South Africa and the United States?
What recent societal issue is highlighted in the context of social equality in South Africa and the United States?
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Which thinker is associated with child marriage, widow remarriage, and women's rights?
Which thinker is associated with child marriage, widow remarriage, and women's rights?
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What concept did Mahatma Phule and Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar promote to uplift weaker sections of society?
What concept did Mahatma Phule and Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar promote to uplift weaker sections of society?
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What is the primary focus of welfare equality?
What is the primary focus of welfare equality?
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Which aspect does civil equality guarantee?
Which aspect does civil equality guarantee?
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What does the term 'equality of resources' refer to?
What does the term 'equality of resources' refer to?
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Which type of equality primarily allows citizens to engage in governmental affairs?
Which type of equality primarily allows citizens to engage in governmental affairs?
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What is necessary for the realization of political equality in a society?
What is necessary for the realization of political equality in a society?
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How does the concept of equality of capabilities differ from the availability of resources?
How does the concept of equality of capabilities differ from the availability of resources?
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What is one implication of political inequality in society?
What is one implication of political inequality in society?
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Which of the following statements is true about special laws for weaker sections?
Which of the following statements is true about special laws for weaker sections?
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Study Notes
Equality and Inequality
- Natural Equality: All individuals are equal by nature, despite differences in physical and intellectual abilities.
- Man-Made Inequalities: Social, political and economic structures create inequalities based on factors like caste, wealth, and religion.
- Hobbes: Emphasized the importance of natural equality and individual rights, arguing that the government cannot take away these rights.
- Rousseau: Analyzed both natural and man-made inequalities. He believed greed led to the concept of private property and division of labor, which ultimately caused inequality.
- Karl Marx: Rejected the liberal idea of equality and proposed a socialist approach. He believed equality could be achieved through the creation of a classless society and equal distribution of means of production.
Types of Equality
- Natural Equality: All human beings are equal by virtue of being human.
- Equality Before Law and Equal Protection of Law: All citizens are treated equally under the law, regardless of their social status or wealth.
- Equality of Opportunity: Everyone should have equal opportunities to develop their skills and potential, regardless of background.
- Civil Equality: All people have equal access to civil rights, free from discrimination based on factors like race, religion, gender, etc.
- Political Equality: Every citizen has an equal right to participate in government, especially through universal suffrage and representation.
- Social Equality: No distinction is made between people based on caste, religion, race, occupation, gender, etc.
- Economic Equality: Means providing equal opportunities for development, preventing exploitation, and ensuring access to essential goods and services for all.
Importance of Equality
- Necessary for a fair and just society
- Upholds human dignity
- Fosters mutual respect
- Leads to fraternity
- Promotes individual liberty
Equality in India
- Caste System: Creates social, economic, and political inequality
- Gender Inequality: Patriarchal system creates inequalities for women in multiple areas
- Mahatma Phule, Tarabai Shinde, Justice Ranade, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar: All championed equality and advocated for just distribution of resources
Key Thinkers on Equality
- Mahatma Phule: Focused on eliminating caste and gender discrimination.
- Justice Mahadev Govind Ranade: Reformer who worked on issues like child marriage, widow remarriage, and women’s rights.
- Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar: Stressed the importance of social equality and worked for uplifting the marginalized sections of society.
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Description
Explore the philosophical and sociological perspectives on equality and inequality. This quiz covers the ideas of prominent thinkers like Hobbes, Rousseau, and Marx, discussing both natural and man-made inequalities. Test your understanding of the various types of equality and their implications in society.
