Epithelium and Glands

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a major type of tissue in the human body?

Brain Tissue (correct)
Muscle tissue
Nerve tissue
Connective tissue

Which embryonic layers do epithelial tissues derive from?

Ectoderm
Mesoderm
Endoderm
All of the above (correct)

Which of the following is covered by epithelial tissue?

Articular cartilage
Body surfaces (correct)
Anterior of the iris
Tooth enamel

Which of the following is NOT a function of the basement membrane?

Regulation and signaling (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the glomerular filtration barrier in the kidneys?

Filtration (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of secretion involves the partial loss of the cell's apical portion?

Apocrine secretion (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between exocrine and endocrine glands?

Exocrine glands have a duct system, while endocrine glands lack a duct system (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of epithelial cells?

Muscle contraction (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of epithelium is characterized by multiple layers of cells?

Stratified squamous (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of microvilli on the apical surface of epithelial cells?

Absorption (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the basement membrane is in direct contact with epithelial cells?

Basal lamina (A) Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Epithelial tissue covers body surfaces, cavities, and makes up glands?

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Tissues in the human body can be classified into four major types: epithelium, connective tissue, muscle tissue, and nerve tissue?

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Epithelial tissues derive from the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm?

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Epithelial cells lack a direct blood/lymphatic supply.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Epithelial cells are nourished by the underlying connective tissue.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Microvilli are immotile extensions of the apical plasma membrane.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Motile cilia can actively move to create fluid flow.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Basement membrane is involved in tissue scaffolding during regeneration?

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Disruption of basal lamina-cell muscle relationship can lead to muscular dystrophies?

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Exocrine glands lack a duct system and their products are secreted into the connective tissue?

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Merocrine secretion involves the partial loss of the cell's apical portion?

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are the four major types of tissues in the human body?

Epithelium, Connective tissue, Muscle tissue, Nerve tissue Signup and view all the answers

What are the functions of epithelial cells?

Line and cover body surfaces, make up glands Signup and view all the answers

From which embryonic layers do epithelial tissues derive?

Ectoderm, Mesoderm, and Endoderm Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the basement membrane in the kidneys?

Structural attachment, filtration, compartmentalization, tissue scaffolding during regeneration, regulation and signaling Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between exocrine and endocrine glands in terms of secretion?

Exocrine glands secrete their products onto the surface directly or through epithelial ducts, while endocrine glands lack a duct system and secrete their products into the connective tissue from where they enter the bloodstream. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three mechanisms of secretion exhibited by exocrine gland cells?

Merocrine/Eccrine secretion, apocrine secretion, and holocrine secretion Signup and view all the answers

How are mucus-secreting gastric cells classified in terms of glandular epithelium?

Unicellular glands Signup and view all the answers

What are the main functions of epithelial cells?

Epithelial cells have several functions, including protection, detection, sensation, absorption, material transport, gas exchange, excretion, and secretion. Signup and view all the answers

What are the different classifications of epithelium based on their structure?

Epithelium can be classified based on the number of cell layers (simple or stratified) and the shape of the cells (squamous, cuboidal, or columnar). Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure and function of the basement membrane?

The basement membrane is composed of a basal lamina and a reticular lamina. It provides structural support to epithelial cells, separates them from connective tissue, and plays a role in tissue regeneration. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the different structures found in the apical domain of epithelial cells.

The apical domain of epithelial cells contains microvilli, stereocilia, and cilia. Microvilli are fingerlike projections involved in absorption, stereocilia are long immotile microvilli found in specific locations, and cilia are hair-like extensions that can be motile or immotile. Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Not a major tissue type?

Brain tissue is NOT one of the 4 major tissue types.

Epithelial tissue origin?

Epithelial tissues are derived from all three embryonic layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.