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Questions and Answers
What is the function of the stereocilia on the surface of the epithelial tissue in the ear?
What is the function of the stereocilia on the surface of the epithelial tissue in the ear?
What type of cancer is responsible for almost all prostate cancers and most breast cancers?
What type of cancer is responsible for almost all prostate cancers and most breast cancers?
What percentage of pancreatic cancers are caused by adenocarcinoma?
What percentage of pancreatic cancers are caused by adenocarcinoma?
What is the name of the cancer that grows slowly and often spreads to lymph nodes in the neck?
What is the name of the cancer that grows slowly and often spreads to lymph nodes in the neck?
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What is the name of the condition that affects the bronchial epithelium and causes the airways to narrow and swell?
What is the name of the condition that affects the bronchial epithelium and causes the airways to narrow and swell?
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What happens to the microvilli of epithelial cells in the intestines of a person with celiac disease who ingests gluten?
What happens to the microvilli of epithelial cells in the intestines of a person with celiac disease who ingests gluten?
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What is the name of the virus that can cause warts on the squamous epithelial cells of the outer layer of the skin?
What is the name of the virus that can cause warts on the squamous epithelial cells of the outer layer of the skin?
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What is the name of the type of cancer that affects the glandular epithelial tissue that lines organs?
What is the name of the type of cancer that affects the glandular epithelial tissue that lines organs?
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What is the percentage of non-small cell lung cancers caused by adenocarcinoma?
What is the percentage of non-small cell lung cancers caused by adenocarcinoma?
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What is the cure rate of papillary thyroid carcinoma?
What is the cure rate of papillary thyroid carcinoma?
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Study Notes
Epithelial Tissue Overview
- Epithelial tissue lines the entire body, covering organs and lining internal cavities of hollow organs.
- Functions of epithelial tissue include absorbing molecules, secreting molecules, protecting inner layers, separating tissues and organs, and detecting and regulating sensations.
Epithelial Cell Structure
- Epithelial cells are polarized, meaning they have structurally and functionally different sides.
- The apical side faces the outside of the organism or the inside of a hollow organ and is specialized for secretion or absorption.
- The basal side faces internal organs, and the lateral sides connect to other epithelial cells with cell junctions.
Types of Epithelial Tissue
- Stratified squamous epithelium: has protective functions, including protection against microorganisms and water loss; found in the epidermis (outer layer of skin).
- Stratified cuboidal epithelium: found in the excretory ducts of salivary and sweat glands.
- Stratified columnar epithelium: found in the mucous membrane (conjunctiva) lining the eyelids; both protective and mucus-secreting.
- Pseudostratified columnar epithelium: lines the upper respiratory tract and has a lot of cilia.
Specialized Epithelial Tissue
- Transitional epithelium (urothelium): lines most of the urinary tract and allows the bladder to expand.
- Glandular epithelium: specialized to produce and secrete substances; found in glands, which make, store, and/or release substances like hormones, proteins, and water.
- Olfactory epithelium: found in the nasal cavity, contains olfactory receptor cells that trap odor molecules and transmit information to the olfactory bulb in the brain.
Conditions Affecting Epithelial Tissue
- Adenocarcinoma: a type of cancer affecting glandular epithelial tissue that lines organs, responsible for almost all prostate cancers, most breast cancers, and other organ cancers.
- Papillary thyroid carcinoma: grows slowly, responds well to treatment, and is highly curable; represents up to 80% of all thyroid cancers.
- Asthma: airways narrow and swell, and the bronchial epithelium appears fragile.
- Celiac disease: immune system attacks and damages microvilli of epithelial cells lining the intestines when gluten is ingested.
- Human papillomavirus (HPV): can cause warts on the squamous epithelial cells of the outer layer of skin (epidermis).
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Description
This quiz covers the structure and functions of epithelial tissue, including absorption, secretion, protection, separation, and sensation detection.
