Epilepsy and Antiseizure Drugs

Which of the following drugs, primarily used to treat seizures, decrease glutamate release by acting on the synaptic protein SV2A?

Vigabatrin elevates GABA levels by enhancing the response of GABAA receptors to GABA.

Match each drug with its primary mechanism of action:

Which of the following antiseizure drugs primarily enhance the response of GABAA receptors to GABA?

Phenytoin's mechanism of action in preventing seizures primarily involves:

Levetiracetam directly blocks voltage-gated sodium channels to reduce neuronal excitability.

Phenytoin follows zero-order kinetics at therapeutic concentrations, allowing for predictable dose adjustments.

Match the following antiseizure drugs with their primary mechanisms of action:

Match the following antiseizure drug characteristics with their corresponding descriptions.

Which of the drugs listed below inhibits GABA-transaminase, leading to increased GABA levels in the synapse?

Which of the following is NOT a primary approach to antiseizure drug discovery?

Current antiseizure drugs are generally considered curative rather than palliative.

Vigabatrin's mechanism of action in treating seizures is most closely associated with which of the following enzymatic effects?

All drugs classified as 'tricyclics' (carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, and eslicarbazepine) primarily exert their antiseizure effects by enhancing GABA-mediated chloride influx.

Match each antiseizure medication with its primary mechanism of action:

Which of the following statements accurately describes the mechanism of action of vigabatrin?

Primidone's anticonvulsant activity is solely attributed to its direct action on sodium channels, independent of its metabolites.

Match each antiseizure drug with its primary mechanism of action:

A patient on carbamazepine exhibits diplopia and ataxia. While these are common side effects, what other potentially serious idiosyncratic reaction should the healthcare provider monitor for?

Pregabalin directly acts on GABA receptors to exert its anticonvulsant effects.

Which property makes primidone distinct from other barbiturates?

Which of the following antiseizure drugs directly enhances the opening of potassium channels?

Fosphenytoin is an active form of phenytoin and directly blocks sodium channels without requiring metabolic conversion.

Which of the following drugs is NOT a benzodiazepine but a benzodiazepine derivative?

Tiagabine elevates GABA levels in the synapse by directly inhibiting the synthesis of GABA.

Which antiseizure drug's mechanism primarily involves antagonism of AMPA receptors?

What is the primary mechanism of action for ethosuximide in controlling seizures?

The anti-seizure drug __________, derived from Cannabis sativa, has an unknown mechanism of action for seizure control and is non-psychoactive.

What is the primary mechanism by which ethosuximide exerts its antiseizure effect?

What is the primary advantage of using fosphenytoin over phenytoin in emergency situations?

The antiseizure drug _______ is a prodrug that is converted to phenobarbital in the body.

Common adverse drug reactions (ADR) associated with phenytoin use, affecting a significant number of patients, are:

What was the first antiseizure drug that did not have sedative properties?

Unlike many antiseizure medications that act on sodium or GABA channels, topiramate influences neuronal activity through its effects on the process of __________.

What is the primary mechanism of action of ethosuximide in treating absence seizures?

Carbamazepine induces microsomal liver enzymes (CYP), which can cause its half-life to ______ after chronic usage.

Besides seizures, for what other condition is pregabalin specifically approved?

Valproic acid's discovery as an anticonvulsant was serendipitous; it was initially used as a ______ in drug studies.

What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of vigabatrin?

Levetiracetam modulates synaptic transmission by binding to synaptic vesicle protein ____________.

Besides its action on GABAA receptors, which other receptor type does felbamate affect?

The antiseizure drug ______________ is known for enhancing slow inactivation of sodium channels, potentially offering a unique mechanism for seizure control.

What percentage of phenytoin is bound to protein?

Which drug class can displace phenytoin from protein and increase free drug levels?

What percentage of carbamazepine is protein bound?

Which of the following is the oldest of the antiseizure drugs next to bromide?

What percentage of primidone is free and unbound?

Which of the following drugs causes visual field disturbances and is only used when all others fail?

What is the most common adverse drug reaction (ADR) of ethosuximide?

Which of the following enhances GABA transmission and is utilized in compassionate use for certain types of epilepsy in infancy?