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Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of epidemiology?
What is the primary focus of epidemiology?
- Researching the historical development of medical practices
- Determining the political influences on healthcare policies
- Analysis of health-related states or events in populations (correct)
- The study of economic factors affecting health
What types of factors does epidemiology identify concerning health issues?
What types of factors does epidemiology identify concerning health issues?
- Psychological factors affecting patient behavior
- Determinants such as causes and risk factors (correct)
- Cultural influences and technological advancements
- Economic limitations and political policies
What is the primary focus of epidemiology?
What is the primary focus of epidemiology?
- Pharmaceutical research and development
- Distribution and determinants of health-related events in specific populations (correct)
- Diagnosis and treatment of individual patients
- Surgical techniques in public health
How does epidemiology contribute to public health?
How does epidemiology contribute to public health?
Which statement accurately describes a role of epidemiologists?
Which statement accurately describes a role of epidemiologists?
Which of the following best describes health-related states?
Which of the following best describes health-related states?
How does epidemiology contribute to public health?
How does epidemiology contribute to public health?
What does the distribution in epidemiology refer to?
What does the distribution in epidemiology refer to?
Epidemiology requires examining which of the following?
Epidemiology requires examining which of the following?
What essential element is utilized by epidemiologists in their studies?
What essential element is utilized by epidemiologists in their studies?
Flashcards
Epidemiology
Epidemiology
The study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in populations, and its application to controlling health problems.
Distribution
Distribution
Frequency and pattern of health-related events in a population.
Determinants
Determinants
Causes and risk factors of health-related states or events.
Health-related states/events
Health-related states/events
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Specific populations
Specific populations
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Epidemiology
Epidemiology
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Health-related states
Health-related states
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Specific populations
Specific populations
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Disease distribution
Disease distribution
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Determinants
Determinants
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Study Notes
Lecture 1: Introduction to Epidemiology
- Epidemiology is derived from Greek words:
- Epi: on or upon
- Demos: people
- Logos: study of
- Epidemiology is the study of disease distribution, determinants, and application to health control.
- Epidemiologists study sick people, healthy people, exposed people, and non-exposed people to define differences and causal relationships.
- Uses of epidemiology include understanding the natural course of disease, planning health services, providing administrative data, determining disease causes, finding causative agents, understanding transmission, studying contributing factors, and recognizing geographic patterns.
- Epidemiology aims to develop disease control measures and prevent or control disease.
- Types of epidemiology:
- Descriptive epidemiology: Examining disease patterns in populations, observing basic features of distribution.
- Analytic epidemiology: Investigating hypotheses about disease causes by studying relationships between exposures and disease.
- Analytical epidemiology requires information to know where to look, what to control, and develop viable hypotheses.
- Descriptive studies look at three key aspects:
- Person: Age, gender, ethnicity, genetics, concurrent diseases, diet, activity, smoking, risk factors, socioeconomic status (SES), education, occupation.
- Place: Presence of agents/vectors, climate, geology, population density, economic development, nutritional practices, and medical practices.
- Time: Calendar time, time since event, physiologic cycles (age), seasonality, and temporal trends (changes over time).
- The Epidemiologic Triangle: a model featuring:
- Agent: Factors that can cause disease: includes biological (bacteria, viruses, parasites), physical (trauma, radiation, burns), and chemical (alcohol, poison, smoke) also pathogenicity and dose.
- Host: The human who can get the disease: influenced by personal traits, behaviors, genetics, and immunologic factors.
- Environment: Extrinsic factors that affect agent and exposure opportunity, such as external conditions, and physical, biological, and social factors that contribute to the disease process.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamentals of epidemiology, including its definitions, types, and applications. It explores the study of disease patterns, determinants, and the role of epidemiologists in public health. Test your understanding of how epidemiology contributes to disease control and prevention.
