Epidemiology Cohort Study Example

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What is the key difference between hazard and risk?

Hazard is the chance of being harmed, while risk is the theoretical possibility of harm.

Hazard is the exposure to danger, while risk is the actual harm caused.

Hazard is the probability of harm, while risk is the potential for damage.

Hazard is the theoretical possibility of harm, while risk is the chance that harm will occur. (correct)

Which of the following is NOT an example of risk in the news mentioned in the text?

Dietary Risk

Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE)

Influenza (correct)

Asbestos

What does the Risk Ratio (Relative Risk) compare?

The theoretical possibility of harm with actual harm

The preventive measures against health risks

The exposure to hazards in different populations

The risk of harm in one group with the risk in another group (correct)

How can risk be calculated using the Risk Ratio formula provided in the text?

$Risk = X / Y$ Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a health risk according to the text?

Pesticides in agriculture Signup and view all the answers

Why is Risk Communication important in Biosafety and Biosecurity according to the text?

To increase trust and precaution when dealing with harmful situations Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of comparing the exposed group with the unexposed group in a cohort study?

To assess the impact of exposure on the outcome of interest. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of risk ratios, what does a value greater than 1 indicate?

The exposed group is more likely to experience the outcome compared to the reference group. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Risk' encompass in relation to hazard and exposure?

Risk is a combination of probability and consequences. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a situation where risk assessment might be challenging?

A novel biotechnology project with no historical database for reference. Signup and view all the answers

When comparing the relative risks between different events, how can a relative risk value of 40 be interpreted?

The event with a relative risk of 40 is 40 times more likely than the reference event. Signup and view all the answers

What does a Risk Ratio (Relative Risk) of 1.71 for smokers compared to non-smokers mean?

Smokers have a 1.71 times higher risk of respiratory disease than non-smokers. Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between Hazard and Risk?

Hazard focuses on the undesirable incident, while Risk looks at the potential consequences. Signup and view all the answers

In HAZOP Analysis, what is the main purpose of applying it to any process with an identifiable flow?

To analyze the potential consequences of deviations at each step of the process. Signup and view all the answers

How does HACCP address food safety risks?

By addressing biological, chemical, and physical hazards from raw material to consumption. Signup and view all the answers

What are the 7 Principles of Hazard Analysis & Critical Control Point (HACCP)?

Prevent hazards, identify critical control points, establish critical limits. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Duration characteristic of Risk refer to?

The briefness or prolongation of the consequences. Signup and view all the answers

How is Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) Analysis different from Relative Risk?

'Hazard' in HAZOP represents undesired incidents, while Relative Risk focuses on potential consequences. Signup and view all the answers