Epidemiology and Research Methods Tutorial for Medical Students

<p>To study the distribution of health-related states in populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To describe the distribution and magnitude of health and disease problems in human populations, to identify aetiological factors in the pathogenesis of disease, and to provide data essential for the planning, implementation, and evaluation of disease services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Making comparisons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In epidemiology, the unit of study is a case or cases; in clinical medicine, the unit of study is a defined population or population at risk.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The characteristics of the agent, host, and environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Measurement of mortality, morbidity, disability, natality, presence or absence of characteristics or attributes of diseases, medical needs, and utilization of health services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Making comparisons between individuals with and without a disease (or exposed to a risk factor).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epidemiology focuses on populations at risk while clinical medicine focuses on individual cases</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To describe the distribution and magnitude of health problems in human populations, to identify aetiological factors in the pathogenesis of disease, and to provide data essential for the planning, implementation, and evaluation of disease services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Measurement of mortality, morbidity, disability and natality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By asking questions related to health events and making comparisons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Making comparisons between individuals with and without a disease (or exposed to a risk factor).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations, and the application of this study to the control of health problems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epi = upon, among, demos = people, and logos = study.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The aims of epidemiology include the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations, and the application of this study to the control of health problems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The scope of epidemiology includes the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations, and the application of this study to the control of health problems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>a. to describe the distribution and magnitude of health and disease problems in human populations. b. to identify aetiological factors (risk factors) in the pathogenesis of disease. c. to provide the data essential to the planning, implementation and evaluation of services for the prevention, control and treatment of disease and to the setting up of priorities among those services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The primary function of research, as defined in the text, is to ask questions and make comparisons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The determinants of any disease or health problem are dependent on studying the characteristics of the agent, host, and environment, known as the epidemiological triad.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The epidemiological approach focuses on making comparisons to find crucial differences in the host and environmental factors between those affected and not affected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epidemiology approaches problems related to health and disease by asking questions related to health events and health action, and by making comparisons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The basic difference between epidemiology and clinical medicine is that in epidemiology, the unit of study is a 'defined population' or 'population at risk'; in clinical medicine, the unit of study is a 'case' or 'cases'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Examples of measurements in epidemiology include mortality, morbidity, disability, natality, and the presence, absence, or distribution of disease characteristics or attributes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The main foundation of the epidemiological approach to problems of health and disease is based on asking questions and making comparisons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>According to the International Epidemiological Association (IEA), the aims of epidemiology are to describe the distribution and magnitude of health and disease problems, identify aetiological factors, and provide essential data for planning, implementation, and evaluation of services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The epidemiological triad focused on studying the characteristics of the agent, host, and environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two major foundations of the epidemiological approach to problems of health and disease are asking questions and making comparisons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The measurements used in epidemiology include mortality, morbidity, disability, natality, and the presence, absence, or distribution of disease characteristics or attributes, as well as medical needs, health care facilities, and utilization of health services.</p> Signup and view all the answers