Eosinophilia in the Tropics
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following parasites is associated with eosinophilia in the liver?

  • Brugia Malayi
  • Echinococcus Granulosus (correct)
  • Trichinella Spiralis
  • Toxocara Canis (correct)
  • What is the primary site of infection for Strongyloides Stercoralis?

  • Gut (correct)
  • Liver
  • Brain
  • Skin and SC tissue
  • Which parasite is NOT classified as a tissue nematode?

  • Schistosoma Mansoni (correct)
  • Wuchereria Bancrofti
  • Onchocerca Volvulus
  • Loa Loa
  • Which type of worms primarily affects the lungs through migrating larvae?

    <p>Tissue Nematodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a diagnostic criterion for eosinophilia?

    <p>Relative eosinophilia above 1000 cells/mm³</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Angiostrongylus Cantonensis is primarily associated with which location in the host?

    <p>Brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parasite is known to cause eosinophilia associated with the urinary tract?

    <p>Schistosoma Hematobium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these parasites is correctly matched with its tissue location?

    <p>Toxocara Canis - Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parasite is a known cause of eosinophilia in the muscle?

    <p>Trichinella Spiralis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of eosinophilia being related to presenting signs and symptoms?

    <p>Suggest the presence of a tissue-dwelling parasite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of T-lymphocytes in the process of eosinophilia?

    <p>Stimulate eosinopoiesis through eosinophiloprotein release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is most likely to cause marked and prolonged eosinophilia without an apparent cause?

    <p>Eosinophilic leukemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT commonly associated with eosinophilia?

    <p>Tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do eosinophils primarily respond to repeated and/or prolonged antigen exposure?

    <p>Enhanced maturation from bone marrow precursors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mechanism results in eosinopenia during acute inflammation?

    <p>Inhibition of eosinophil production by neutrophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following might be associated as an occasional cause of eosinophilia?

    <p>Coccidioidomycosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between eosinophilia and hyper-eosinophilic syndrome?

    <p>Prolonged eosinophilia can lead to hyper-eosinophilic syndrome affecting organ systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drug types is often associated with eosinophilia?

    <p>Sulfonamides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What function do eosinophils share with neutrophils?

    <p>Similarity in morphology and life cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common hematological finding in patients in the tropics?

    <p>Eosinophilia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Eosinophilia in the Tropics

    • Eosinophilia is characterized by an elevated number of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell.
    • Eosinophils are granulocytic leukocytes, similar to neutrophils in their life cycle, morphology, enzymes, metabolism, and phagocytosis.
    • Acute inflammation stimulates neutrophil production and inhibits eosinophils, resulting in eosinopenia.
    • Repeated or prolonged exposure to antigens, particularly those deposited in tissues, triggers eosinophilic stimulation.
    • T-lymphocytes are involved in the response; they release proteins which stimulate bone marrow precursor cells to create more eosinophils.

    ILO's Recommendations for Eosinophilia Diagnosis

    • Understand eosinophilia terminology.
    • Recognize common causes, understanding that they aren't always infectious.
    • Develop a diagnostic approach to assess and accurately diagnose eosinophilia.

    Eosinophilia Characteristics

    • Often temporary and not harmful.
    • Marked prolonged eosinophilia (without a clear cause) can result in eosinophilic syndromes, impacting organ systems.
    • Examples of these include eosinophilic leukemia, Loeffler's endomyocardial disease, and prolonged pulmonary eosinophilia.
    • Eosinophilia is a common haematological finding in tropical regions. It's seen in people with anemia, and travelers or immigrants arriving from developing countries.

    Causes of Eosinophilia (Common and Occasional)

    • Common:*

    • Allergies (e.g., hay fever, urticaria, asthma)

    • Parasite infections

    • Medications (e.g., iodides, erythromycin, sulfonamides)

    • Collagen vascular diseases (e.g., allergic angiitis, fasciitis, polyarteritis nodosa)

    • Gastrointestinal issues (eosinophilic gastroenteritis)

    • Eosinophilic syndromes

    • Occasional:*

    • Fungal infections (e.g., aspergillosis, coccidioidomycosis)

    • Tuberculosis (TB)

    • Cancers (e.g., lymphoma, lung/stomach tumors)

    • Post-radiation therapy

    • Miscellaneous disorders (e.g., chronic peritoneal dialysis, chronic active hepatitis, acute pancreatitis, insect bites, eosinophilic meningitis)

    Worm Infections Associated with Eosinophilia

    • Tissue Nematodes: Located in blood/lymphatics, skin/tissues, or gut; examples include Wuchereria Bancrofti, Brugia Malayi, and Strongyloides Stercoralis.
    • Migrating Larvae: Ascaris Lumbricoides, Necator Americanus, and Ancylostoma Duodenale.
    • Tissue Trematodes: Located in liver, lung, or urinary tract; examples include Schistosoma Mansoni, Schistosoma Japonicum, Fasciola hepatica, and Paragonimus Westermani.
    • Tissue Cestodes: Located in liver, lung, and brain. An example of a parasitic species is Echinococcus Granulosus.

    Diagnostic Approach

    • Assess severity of eosinophilia (low, moderate, high).
    • Determine if eosinophilia is related to presenting symptoms (e.g., in travelers).
    • Consider if parasite infections are a possible cause.
    • Evaluate potential causes like allergies, drugs, genetics, or exposure to infections.
    • Consider blood tests, stool analysis, serology tests, skin biopsies, and radiological imaging to aid in diagnosis.

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    Related Documents

    Eosinophilia In Tropics PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores eosinophilia, focusing on its characteristics, causes, and diagnostic recommendations. Understand the role of eosinophils and T-lymphocytes in the response to prolonged antigen exposure. Enhance your knowledge about this condition, particularly in tropical regions.

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