Untitled Quiz

Loss of voluntary movement in half the body, often caused by stroke.

Sudden brain dysfunction due to interrupted blood flow, causing brain damage.

Sudden interruption of blood flow to the brain.

Hemiplegia, sensory, and neuropsychological problems.

Leading cause of acquired disability in adults, significant mortality.

Increases 2-fold every 10 years after age 55.

High risk of reoccurrence, estimated between 30-43% within 5 years.

Affects 130,000 new patients, 25% below age 65, 50% over age 75.

Surgical procedures addressing spasticity itself or related muscle/tendon issues. These target functional, aesthetic, pain relief, preventative, and hygienic concerns.

Surgical section of the motor nerve (mostly distally) to carefully reduce the spasticity. Often combined with other neuro-orthopedic procedures.

Surgical cutting of a nerve.

Rare surgical procedure of cutting sensory nerve fibers, typically in the spinal cord, to help control spasticity.

Medication to reduce spasticity, directly injected into the spinal column.

Medication to reduce bladder spasms and contractions.

Medication to relax muscles.

Treatments aimed at alleviating symptoms of a condition, not permanently fixing the cause.

Loss of movement on one side of the body.

Language disorder caused by a brain injury affecting speaking/understanding.

Language disorder that impairs speaking.

Impaired language understanding (but may be able to speak).

Severe impairment of speech and understanding.

Inability to perform purposeful actions despite having no muscle weakness or sensory problems.

Impairments in higher mental functions like language, memory, attention, etc.

Initial assessment of cognitive deficits is crucial for effective physical therapy program.

A rehabilitation method focusing on preventing muscle and joint problems, particularly muscle contractures, after stroke. It avoids speed-dependent muscle reactions and often includes orthoses and botulinum toxin injections.

Rehabilitation techniques like Bobath, Brunnstrom, Knott and Voss (Kabat), and Rood, based on muscle inhibition, facilitation, and restoring postural reactions.

A specific neurophysiological approach focusing on inhibiting spasticity and facilitating conscious movement control.

These approaches can be criticized for relying heavily on passive methods and providing a simplified view of the central nervous system. They might overemphasize automatic movement.

Rehabilitation methods that rely less on the patient's active participation.

Strategies for controlling uncontrolled muscle contractions.

Bobath approach emphasizes using weight-bearing to increase muscle tone and control in affected limbs (e.g., arm extension with arm support). It also acknowledges the need for releasing rigidity (negative support reaction) and alternating weight distribution for controlled movement adaptation.

Automatic responses to maintain and adjust body stability.

Placing weight on one side of the body encourages movement on the opposite side, promoting dissociation and balance.

Neurological rehabilitation approach that focuses on both neurophysiological principles and behavioral aspects.

Maintaining a stable body position through muscle control.

Automatic responses that maintain balance when body position changes.

Using touch, pressure, and movement to guide and help the patient regain motor functions.

Physical therapist (or other trained personnel) guidance of purposeful movements and positioning to aid patients' rehabilitation.

Bobath technique involving conscious alternating weight distribution for functional task adaptation.

The Bobath approach, often using controlled sequences, aids postural adjustments and equilibrium responses.

A method of rehabilitation focusing on the role of intention, attention, and cognitive functions in movement recovery.

The conscious purpose or goal behind a movement, which determines the neural circuits activated.

A programmed series of movements, directed via conscious attention and intention.

The brain's capacity to change and reorganize neural connections in response to experience, influencing motor learning and recovery.

The processing of sensory information during movement, allowing the brain to adjust and anticipate.

The brain's ability to anticipate the consequences of movements.

Higher cognitive processes (attention, memory, problem-solving) crucial for generating and controlling a purposeful movement.

The specific neural circuits activated by the intention to perform a specific task.