Enzymes Quiz

Enzyme = Complex biological molecule that behaves as a biological catalyst Substrate = Specific reacting species that an enzyme targets Cofactor = Non-protein portion of an enzyme, can be inorganic ions or organic coenzymes Holoenzyme = Complete, catalytically active enzyme together with its bound coenzyme and/or metal ions

Reversible inhibition = Inhibitors bind noncovalently to enzyme, leading to rapid full inhibition Competitive inhibition = Occurs when there is a competition between the substrate and the inhibitor Irreversible inhibition = Inhibitors bind covalently to enzyme, resulting in permanent loss of enzyme activity Noncompetitive inhibition = Inhibitors bind to a site other than the active site, causing a change in enzyme shape and reducing its activity

Apoenzyme = Protein part of an enzyme without its bound coenzyme and/or metal ions Prosthetic group = Combination of a coenzyme/metal ion with an enzyme protein Enzyme kinetics = Study of the rates of enzyme-catalyzed reactions Enzyme regulation = Control of enzyme activity to meet the needs of the cell or organism

<p>Simple enzymes = Consist entirely of proteins Metalloenzymes = Contain metal ions as cofactors Holoenzymes = Complete, catalytically active enzymes with their bound coenzymes and/or metal ions Apoenzymes = Enzymes without their bound coenzymes and/or metal ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coenzymes = Organic molecules that assist enzymes in their function Vitamins = Act as coenzymes in some enzymatic reactions Inhibitors = Molecules that can bind to enzymes and reduce their activity Kinetics = Study of the rates of enzyme-catalyzed reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers