Enzymes, Polymers and Organic Compounds

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Questions and Answers

How would significantly increasing the temperature affect enzyme function?

It will have no effect as enzymes are stable across a wide temperature range.
It will increase the rate of reaction by providing more energy to the enzyme.
It will cause denaturation by disrupting the enzyme's shape. (correct)
It will cause the enzyme to bind more tightly to the substrate.

If an enzyme's active site is complementary to a specific substrate, what would happen if a molecule with a very different shape entered the active site?

The enzyme would denature and become non-functional.
The enzyme would change shape to accommodate the new molecule and catalyze a new reaction.
The enzyme would still catalyze the reaction, but with a higher activation energy.
The molecule would not bind effectively, and the reaction rate would be minimal. (correct)

Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between monomers and polymers, providing an example of each?

Monomers are large, complex structures made of repeating polymer subunits, such as a protein made of multiple carbohydrate molecules.
Polymers are single-unit building blocks that combine to form monomers, such as fatty acids forming a lipid.
Monomers are single-unit building blocks that combine to form polymers, such as amino acids forming a protein. (correct)
Polymers and monomers are the same thing; the terms are interchangeable in biochemistry.

Hemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells. Based on its function, which of the following is most likely?

<p>Hemoglobin's shape allows it to bind and transport oxygen molecules throughout the body. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the biomolecules below are used by organisms as sources of energy?

<p>Proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Active Site

The specific region of an enzyme where the substrate binds and the reaction occurs.

Substrate

A molecule that binds to the active site of an enzyme, initiating a reaction.

Denaturation

Loss of an enzyme's shape due to heat or pH, causing it to stop working.

Organic compound

A molecule containing carbon, typically found in living things.

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Polymer

Large molecules formed by joining smaller repeating units (monomers).

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Study Notes

Enzymes has a pocket on their surface called an active site
The molecule that fits in to the active site is called the substrate
The reaction takes place at the active site
The products of the reactions are released
The diagram shows the substrate, enzyme, active site, and product
Enzyme activity can be affected by temperature and pH levels
Enzymes denature and lose shape after being exposed to extremely high heat

Polymers vs Monomers

A monomer is a single piece, while a polymer is made of monomers put together

Organic compounds as energy sources

Protein, carbohydrates, and lipids are organic compounds that act as sources of energy to organisms

Proteins

Proteins differentiate from one another by their shape

Hemoglobin

Hemoglobin is a protein where its function is to carry oxygen

Enzyme/Substrate Relationship Analogy

Enzymes and substrates have a lock and key relationship

Denaturation

Denaturation effects the change of shape

Organic vs Inorganic compounds

Organic compounds will have carbon, while inorganic do not.
One is abiotic and one is biotic.

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Description

Learn about enzymes, denaturation, and the relationship between enzymes and substrates. Monomers and polymers are discussed, along with organic compounds like proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids as energy sources. Hemoglobin and its function of carrying oxygen is explained.