Enzymes in Salivary Digestion

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What is the primary function of the enzyme amylase in saliva?

To break down select starches into maltose and dextrin (correct)

To catalyze the transfer of one-carbon groups

To initiate the breakdown of proteins into peptides

To break down fats into glycerol and fatty acids

What is the classification of enzymes that catalyze the removal of groups from substrates by means other than hydrolysis?

Lyases (correct)

Transferases

Oxidoreductases

Hydrolases

What is the percentage of water in saliva?

98%

95%

90%

99% (correct)

What is the term for enzymes that catalyze the interconversion of optical and geometric isomers?

Isomerases (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the protein that is responsible for protecting the teeth from acid and bacteria?

Statherins (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary location where most chemical digestion takes place?

Small intestine (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the average daily production of saliva in a healthy person?

Three pints (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the hormone responsible for stimulating the release of pancreatic enzymes into the small intestine?

Cholecystokinin (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of pancreatic amylase?

Breaking down carbohydrates (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition characterized by delayed gastric emptying, often found in patients with diabetes mellitus?

Gastroparesis (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of secretin in the digestive process?

Neutralizing stomach acid in the small intestine (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a major class of nutrients that undergoes digestion in the small intestine?

Nucleic acids (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of bile salts in lipid digestion?

To emulsify triglycerides and aid access by pancreatic lipase (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down oligosaccharides into simple sugars?

Dextrinase and glucoamylase (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of trypsin and chymotrypsin in protein digestion?

To cleave proteins into smaller peptides (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of pancreatic lipase in lipid digestion?

To break down triglycerides into fatty acids and monoglycerides (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down triglycerides into free fatty acids and monoglycerides?

Pancreatic lipase (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of brush border enzymes in carbohydrate digestion?

To cleave carbohydrates into simple sugars (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of medication can cause or exacerbate xerostomia?

Antihypertensives and antidepressants (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of chronic xerostomia on patients' lives?

Drastic alteration of daily life (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of enzyme splits proteins into small peptides and amino acids?

Proteases and peptidases (B) Signup and view all the answers

Where does the majority of digestion occur in the human body?

Stomach and small intestine (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of saliva in digestion?

None of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What symptom of xerostomia makes eating impossible?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of pepsin in the digestive system?

To break down proteins into smaller peptides (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about the effects of alkali on pepsin and pepsinogen?

Alkali destroys pepsin but protects pepsinogen (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which exocrine gland is responsible for secreting digestive enzymes in the small intestine?

Secretory glands (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of pepsinogen in the digestive system?

To convert into pepsin in the presence of acid (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aspect of gastric function studied in clinical practice?

Acid secretion (B) Signup and view all the answers