Enzymes as Clinical Diagnostic Tool

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Questions and Answers

What term did Friedrich Wilhelm Kuhne coin in 1878 to describe biological catalysts?

  • Ribozymes
  • Yeast
  • Enzymes (correct)
  • Ferments

What is the literal meaning of the term 'enzyme'?

  • In yeast (correct)
  • Protein structure
  • Fermenting agent
  • Biological catalyst

Which type of molecules are ribozymes?

  • Lipids
  • Proteins
  • RNA molecules (correct)
  • Carbohydrates

What term is used to refer to the reactants in enzyme-catalyzed reactions?

<p>Substrates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of enzymes allows them to be highly selective in their catalytic activity?

<p>Shape (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason enzymes are considered catalysts in biochemical reactions?

<p>They lower the energy of activation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general function of enzymes in living cells?

<p>Control of metabolic processes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of catalysis involves the formation of a covalent bond between the enzyme and the substrate?

<p>Covalent catalysis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Km in the Michaelis-Menten equation?

<p>It is the substrate concentration at which the reaction rate is half of Vmax. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of inhibition involves a molecule that competes with the substrate for binding to the active site of the enzyme?

<p>Reversible competitive inhibition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible consequence of deficiencies in enzyme catalytic activity?

<p>Genetic defects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which regulatory mechanism involves a change in enzyme activity due to the binding of a small molecule at a location other than the active site?

<p>Allosteric regulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are enzymes synthesized?

<p>Ribosomes attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of compartmentalization of enzymes within a cell?

<p>To isolate reaction substrates or products (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean for an enzyme-catalyzed reaction to be reversible?

<p>It can proceed in both forward and reverse directions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is enzyme activity regulated within a cell?

<p>By being able to increase or decrease enzyme activity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the optimum temperature for most human enzymes?

<p>$35-40$°F (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the sensitivity of enzymes to heat and temperature?

<p>Thermolabile (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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