Enzymes and Metabolic Processes Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are enzymes?

Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions.

What are the molecules upon which enzymes may act called?

Substrates

What do enzymes convert substrates into?

Different molecules known as products

What is the study of enzymes called?

<p>Enzymology</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unique feature of an enzyme's specificity?

<p>It comes from its unique three-dimensional structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do enzymes increase the reaction rate?

<p>By lowering the activation energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are inhibitors in relation to enzyme activity?

<p>Inhibitors are molecules that decrease enzyme activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do enzymes differ from most other catalysts?

<p>Enzymes are much more specific.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to enzyme activity outside of its optimal temperature and pH?

<p>Enzyme activity decreases markedly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of exposure to excessive heat on enzymes?

<p>Many enzymes are permanently denatured, losing their structure and catalytic properties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Anselme Payen discover in 1833?

<p>An enzyme called diastase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Louis Pasteur conclude about the fermentation of sugar to alcohol by yeast?

<p>He concluded that this fermentation was caused by a vital force contained within the yeast cells called 'ferments'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term did Wilhelm Kühne first use to describe the process of fermentation?

<p>Enzyme.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Eduard Buchner discover in 1897?

<p>He found that sugar was fermented by yeast extracts even when there were no living yeast cells in the mixture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What enzyme did Eduard Buchner name that brought about the fermentation of sucrose?

<p>Zymase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are enzymes usually named?

<p>According to the reaction they carry out, using the suffix -ase combined with the name of the substrate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the molecules upon which enzymes may act called?

<p>Substrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do enzymes increase the reaction rate?

<p>By lowering the activation energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term did Wilhelm Kühne first use to describe the process of fermentation?

<p>Enzyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Anselme Payen discover in 1833?

<p>Discovered the enzyme diastase</p> Signup and view all the answers

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