Questions and Answers
What are the parts of a chemical equation?
What does a free energy diagram illustrate?
Relative energies of products and reactants.
The energy required to start a chemical reaction is called _____
activation energy
What is the transition state in a chemical reaction?
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What is the change in free energy?
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An exergonic reaction releases energy.
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An endergonic reaction absorbs free energy from its surroundings.
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What role do enzymes play in relation to activation energy?
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What is the active site of an enzyme?
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Is an enzyme a product or a reactant?
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How many actions can an enzyme perform?
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How many times can an enzyme help a reaction?
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If an enzyme has been denatured, can it still help with its reaction?
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Study Notes
Chemical Equation Components
- Parts include Reactants, Products, Yields, Coefficients, and Subscripts.
Free Energy Diagram
- Visual representation showing relative energies of products and reactants.
Activation Energy
- The necessary energy needed to initiate a chemical reaction.
Transition State
- The moment when atoms are rearranged, representing the highest energy state between reactants and products.
Change in Free Energy
- Calculated as the energy difference between products and reactants.
Exergonic Reaction
- Characterized by the release of energy during the chemical process.
Endergonic Reaction
- Describes reactions that absorb free energy from their surroundings.
Enzymes
- Biological catalysts, primarily proteins, that accelerate chemical reactions within cells.
Active Site
- The specific region of an enzyme where substrate binding occurs during a reaction.
Substrate
- The reactant molecule that an enzyme acts upon.
Enzyme-Substrate Complex
- A transient formation occurring when an enzyme attaches to its substrate.
Lock and Key Model
- Illustrates how the substrate precisely fits into the active site of an enzyme.
Induced Fit Model
- A modified enzyme model suggesting that the substrate causes a slight shape change in the enzyme for better binding.
Denaturation
- The alteration of an enzyme's structure due to changes in temperature or pH, rendering it ineffective.
Reaction Energy Changes
- A reaction involving baking soda and vinegar resulted in a temperature drop, indicating an endergonic process.
- The oxidation of iron in steel wool caused a temperature increase, marking it as exergonic.
Relationship Between Enzymes and Activation Energy
- Enzymes effectively lower the activation energy necessary for a reaction to occur.
Enzyme Characteristics
- Enzymes are neither products nor reactants; they facilitate reactions without being altered.
- Each enzyme is specific to one type of reaction.
- Enzymes can assist multiple reactions and are reusable.
- Once denatured, enzymes can no longer function due to irreversible shape changes.
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Description
This quiz explores key concepts related to enzymes and free energy diagrams, including chemical equations and activation energy. Understand the roles of reactants, products, and the transition state in reactions. Test your knowledge on these fundamental topics in chemistry.
