18 Questions
What happens to the enzymes when the body temperature rises from 37°C to 42°C?
They break down and are non-functional
What would happen to the chemical reaction normally facilitated by an enzyme if it has broken down and is non-functional?
The reaction would slow down or stop
What is the primary mechanism of reversible competitive inhibition?
Competing with the substrate for binding to the active site
What is the effect of a non-competitive inhibitor on the enzyme's active site?
It alters the tertiary structure and prevents substrate binding
What is the characteristic of irreversible inhibition?
It involves a covalent bond between the inhibitor and the enzyme
What is an example of irreversible inhibitors?
Organophosphate insecticides
What is the effect of ATP on the enzyme PFK in the glycolytic pathway?
Allosteric inhibition
What is a characteristic of allosteric enzymes in terms of their quaternary structure?
Composed of 2 or more protein chains
What is the purpose of releasing proteolytic enzymes as zymogens?
To prevent the destruction of tissues that produce them
How is a zymogen activated?
By the removal of a peptide fragment
What is the function of the active site in allosteric enzymes?
Binding of the substrate
What is the role of proteolytic enzymes in blood clotting?
To break down proteins in the blood to form a clot
What is the effect of a positive regulator on the activity of an allosteric enzyme?
Up-regulates enzyme activity
What is the effect of excess ATP on the glycolytic pathway?
Inhibition of the pathway
What is the effect of a negative regulator on the activity of an allosteric enzyme?
Down-regulates enzyme activity
What is the mechanism by which allosteric enzymes are regulated in feedback control?
Activation or inhibition of one of the earlier reaction steps
What is the term for the inhibition of an enzyme by a molecule that binds to a site other than the active site?
Allosteric inhibition
What is the relationship between the active and regulatory binding sites in allosteric enzymes?
They are distinct in shape and location
Test your understanding of enzymes, their structure, and how they function in the human body. This quiz covers the effects of temperature on enzymes, what happens when an enzyme breaks down, and enzyme inhibition.
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