Enzyme Structure and Function Quiz

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What happens to the enzymes when the body temperature rises from 37°C to 42°C?

They remain unaffected
They become more active
They change their substrate specificity
They break down and are non-functional (correct)

What would happen to the chemical reaction normally facilitated by an enzyme if it has broken down and is non-functional?

The reaction would proceed at the same rate
The reaction would change its mechanism
The reaction would proceed faster
The reaction would slow down or stop (correct)

What is the primary mechanism of reversible competitive inhibition?

Competing with the substrate for binding to the active site (correct)
Binding to the active site and altering the tertiary structure
Forming a covalent bond with the enzyme
Binding to a site away from the active site

What is the effect of a non-competitive inhibitor on the enzyme's active site?

It alters the tertiary structure and prevents substrate binding (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of irreversible inhibition?

It involves a covalent bond between the inhibitor and the enzyme (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of irreversible inhibitors?

Organophosphate insecticides (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of ATP on the enzyme PFK in the glycolytic pathway?

Allosteric inhibition (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of allosteric enzymes in terms of their quaternary structure?

Composed of 2 or more protein chains (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of releasing proteolytic enzymes as zymogens?

To prevent the destruction of tissues that produce them (D) Signup and view all the answers

How is a zymogen activated?

By the removal of a peptide fragment (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the active site in allosteric enzymes?

Binding of the substrate (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of proteolytic enzymes in blood clotting?

To break down proteins in the blood to form a clot (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a positive regulator on the activity of an allosteric enzyme?

Up-regulates enzyme activity (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of excess ATP on the glycolytic pathway?

Inhibition of the pathway (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a negative regulator on the activity of an allosteric enzyme?

Down-regulates enzyme activity (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism by which allosteric enzymes are regulated in feedback control?

Activation or inhibition of one of the earlier reaction steps (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the inhibition of an enzyme by a molecule that binds to a site other than the active site?

Allosteric inhibition (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the active and regulatory binding sites in allosteric enzymes?

They are distinct in shape and location (D) Signup and view all the answers