Biology Unit 3: Cells Study Quiz

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the role of the active site in an enzyme?

It prevents competitive inhibitors from attaching.

It is the region where substrates bind and undergo a chemical reaction. (correct)

It alters the enzyme's overall shape.

It determines the enzyme's protein folding.

Which factor does NOT affect enzyme activity?

Presence of competitive inhibitors

Type of substrate (correct)

pH levels

Temperature

How do enzymes lower activation energy in biological reactions?

By increasing the temperature of the reaction.

By removing energy from the substrates.

By altering the concentration of substrates.

By providing an alternative reaction pathway. (correct)

What is a consequence of denaturing an enzyme?

It reduces substrate specificity. Signup and view all the answers

Why is glucose catabolism not a single-step process?

It allows for more efficient energy release and capture. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the induced fit model?

The enzyme adjusts its shape to fit the substrate more snugly upon binding. Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason why all living organisms require a constant input of energy?

To maintain homeostasis and perform essential biological processes. Signup and view all the answers

What effect do noncompetitive inhibitors have on enzyme activity?

They reduce the maximum activity of the enzyme by binding elsewhere. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of glycolysis in cellular respiration?

To break down glucose and release energy in the form of ATP and NADH Signup and view all the answers

What role do NADH and FADH2 play in the electron transport chain?

They are oxidized to release energy used to generate ATP Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the Krebs cycle's starting molecule?

Acetyl-CoA Signup and view all the answers

How does fermentation help cells under anaerobic conditions?

It regenerates NAD+ to allow glycolysis to continue producing ATP Signup and view all the answers

In photosynthesis, what is the function of chlorophyll?

To absorb light energy and transfer it to energy carriers Signup and view all the answers

What is produced during the Light Dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

Oxygen, NADPH, and ATP Signup and view all the answers

Why are ATP and NADPH essential in the Calvin Cycle?

They provide the necessary energy and reducing power for carbon fixation Signup and view all the answers

Which pathway is an adaptation for plants in arid environments to fix carbon efficiently?

C4 Pathway Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Unit 3: Cells - Topic List Study Notes

Topic 3.1 - Enzyme Structure (Ch. 8):
- Enzymes are proteins.
- Enzymes have an active site.
- Enzymes have an allosteric site (possibly).
- Enzyme structure includes protein folding.
- The substrate's shape and charge are specific to the enzyme it binds to.
- The induced fit model describes how the enzyme changes shape when the substrate binds.
Topic 3.2 - Enzyme Catalysis (Ch. 8):
- Enzymes speed up chemical reactions.
- Activation energy is lowered with enzymes.
- Enzymes act as catalysts.
Topic 3.3 - Environmental Impacts on Enzyme Function (Ch. 8):
- Enzyme structure affects function.
- Denaturation changes enzyme shape and reduces activity.
- Substrate specificity means each enzyme works with a particular substrate.
- Cellular environment factors (pH, substrate/enzyme concentration, temperature) impact enzyme activity.
- Competitive and noncompetitive inhibitors affect enzyme activity.
Topic 3.4 - Cellular Energy (Ch. 8):
- Living things need continuous energy input.
- Metabolic pathways release energy in series of reactions.
- Breaking down glucose in a single step is inefficient.
- The second law of thermodynamics cannot be violated.
Topic 3.6 - Cellular Respiration (Ch. 9):
- Organisms use energy from biological macromolecules.
- Cellular respiration or fermentation is used for energy.
- Energy coupling uses electrochemical gradients.
- Glycolysis releases energy to form ATP and NADH.
- Pyruvate oxidation prepares pyruvate for the Krebs cycle.
- The Krebs cycle breaks down Acetyl-CoA releasing energy and CO2, producing ATP.
Topic 3.5 - Photosynthesis (Ch. 10):
- Photosynthesis evolved in organisms.
- Light dependent reactions convert light energy to chemical energy (NADPH and ATP).
- The Calvin cycle uses NADPH and ATP to produce carbohydrates.
- Chlorophyll is key to capturing light.
- Photosynthesis helps plants use light for energy and convert it into a transferable energy form.
- Different plants have different pathways for carbon fixation (C3, C4, CAM).
NADH and FADH2:
- NADH and FADH2 are electron carriers in the electron transport chain.
- The electron transport chain creates an electrochemical gradient used to produce ATP.
- Fermentation is used when oxygen is not available, producing ATP in small amounts.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge on enzyme structure, function, and the factors that affect enzymatic activity in this quiz based on Unit 3: Cells. Explore topics including enzyme catalysis, environmental impacts, and the specifics of enzyme-substrate interactions. Perfect for students preparing for exams in biology!