10 Questions
Which of the following enzymes is induced by chronic alcohol consumption?
Gamma-Glutamyltransferase.
Excess Carbon dioxide (CO2) is found in the following non-compensated conditions
Respiratory acidosis.
The cell responsible for the formation of a foam cell in an atherosclerotic plaque is ….
Macrophage.
What disorder can present with hypoketotic hypoglycaemia?
Medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCADD).
The majority of the Thyroid hormones in the blood are bound to proteins. Which of the following is not a thyroid hormone?
Thyroglobulin
Which of the following cellular processes increase in the response to thyroid-stimulating hormones?
All the above
Which of the following best describes Hashimoto's disease?
Hyperthyroidism caused by antibodies that destroy thyroid tissue
Which of the following pattern of thyroid function tests would you expect to see in Graves' disease?
Low TSH, highT4, high T3, positive for thyroid stimulating antibodies
Aldosterone is a hormone that increases the renal reabsorption of Nat and increases extracellular fluid and blood volume. Identify the correct statement associated with aldosterone.
ACTH increases the production of aldosterone
Which is found in obstructive jaundice?
High serum conjugated bilirubin.
Study Notes
Enzymes and Chronic Alcohol Consumption
- Chronic alcohol consumption induces the enzyme MEOS (Microsomal Ethanol Oxidizing System)
Respiratory Acidosis
- Excess Carbon dioxide (CO2) is found in non-compensated conditions
Atherosclerosis
- Foam cells in an atherosclerotic plaque are formed by macrophages
Metabolic Disorders
- Hypoketotic hypoglycemia is a characteristic of fatty acid oxidation disorders
Thyroid Hormones
- Most thyroid hormones in the blood are bound to proteins (99.97% of T4 and 99.7% of T3)
- Reverse T3 (rT3) is not a thyroid hormone
- Thyroid-stimulating hormones increase cellular processes such as glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and fatty acid oxidation
- Hashimoto's disease is a chronic autoimmune thyroiditis characterized by hypothyroidism, goiter, and autoantibodies against thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin
- In Graves' disease, thyroid function tests show elevated T4 and T3, and low TSH levels
Aldosterone and Renal Function
- Aldosterone increases renal reabsorption of sodium (Nat), leading to increased extracellular fluid and blood volume
- Aldosterone stimulates the kidney to secrete potassium in exchange for sodium reabsorption
Jaundice
- Bilirubin is found in obstructive jaundice
This quiz tests your knowledge of the enzyme that is induced as a result of chronic alcohol consumption. Identify the correct enzyme from the options provided. This is an important concept in biochemistry and pharmacology.
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