Enzymatic Hydrolysis Pathways Quiz

The OH-group in the 1-position is in α-configuration.

(1→6) glycosidic bonds

Glucose 1-phosphate

<p>Amylases cleave large starch molecules into smaller fragments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phosphorylases require smaller starch fragments produced by amylases to act on.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phosphoglucan water dikinase catalyzes the phosphorylation of glucose residues in starch molecules using ATP phosphate, contributing to starch biosynthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exoamylases, such as -amylase, hydrolyze starch at the end of the molecules, producing maltose, while endoamylases, like -amylase, hydrolyze starch in the interior of the glucan chain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Limit dextrinase, also known as pullulanase, breaks down starch molecules by cleaving -glucosidic linkages, releasing linear glucan chains for further degradation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exoamylases, or -amylase, hydrolyze starch molecules at the ends, releasing the disaccharide maltose as the main reaction product.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transitory starch degradation involves multiple steps, including phosphorylation (e.g., by phosphoglucan water dikinase), hydrolysis (by amylases), and phosphorolysis (by starch phosphorylase) to break down starch molecules into simple sugars.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Debranching enzymes, such as limit dextrinase (pullulanase), help in starch degradation by cleaving -glucosidic linkages, releasing linear glucan chains and making them accessible for further hydrolysis or phosphorolysis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>a(1-6) glycosidic linkages</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cytosol of the mesophyll cell; UDP activates glucose residue</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They degrade small oligosaccharides, products of hydrolytic starch degradation, into glucose-1-phosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amylose consists of unbranched chains of about 1,000 glucose molecules, whereas amylopectin has a larger molecule with branching points at every 20 to 25 glucose residues</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It breaks down sucrose to synthesize starch in amyloplasts of storage tissue such as potato tubers</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It forms blue- to violet-colored complexes with starch molecules, specifically amylose and amylopectin</p> Signup and view all the answers