Environmental Science: Waste and Conservation
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a method of waste management?

  • Composting (correct)
  • Recycling
  • Landfill
  • Incineration

    • Which of the following is an example of an invasive species?

  • Corncrake
  • Barn Owl
  • Siberian Tiger
  • Rhododendron (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT an advantage of recycling?

  • Reduces pollution
  • Can deal with large volumes of waste (correct)
  • Saves money
  • Reduces the amount of waste sent to landfill

    • What is the most environmentally preferable method of waste management?

    <p>Reduce (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a threat to biodiversity?

    <p>Climate change (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an adaptation?

    <p>A dandelion's bright petals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an example of a protected area?

    <p>Zoos (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of interdependence in nature?

    <p>A bee pollinating a flower (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of energy for all habitats on Earth?

    <p>The Sun (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is an example of a predator adaptation?

    <p>Sharp claws and teeth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a decomposer in an ecosystem?

    <p>To break down dead organisms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a food chain and a food web?

    <p>A food chain shows the flow of energy from producers to consumers, while a food web shows the interconnectedness of food chains. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT an example of a prey adaptation?

    <p>Good eyesight (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'niche' refer to in ecology?

    <p>The role a species plays in its ecosystem (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is an example of a producer?

    <p>Dandelion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between a herbivore and a carnivore?

    <p>Herbivores eat plants, while carnivores eat animals. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Waste Management Hierarchy

    A ranking of waste management strategies from least to most environmentally preferable: avoid, reduce, reuse, recycle, recover, dispose, litter.

    Invasive Species

    Species introduced by humans that threaten native ecosystems.

    Landfill

    Method of waste disposal where rubbish is dumped in designated areas.

    Incineration

    Burning waste in incinerators to reduce volume.

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    Recycling

    Process of converting waste into reusable materials.

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    Pollution

    Addition of harmful substances to the environment.

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    Biodiversity

    The variety of organisms in an ecosystem.

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    Adaptation

    Characteristics that make organisms well suited to their environment.

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    Predation

    Interaction where one organism (predator) kills another (prey) to gain energy.

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    Predator Adaptations

    Characteristics that help predators catch and kill prey, like sharp teeth or good eyesight.

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    Prey Adaptations

    Features that help prey avoid being caught, like camouflage or side-mounted eyes.

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    Niche

    The role of a species in an ecosystem, including its habitat and food sources.

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    Food Webs

    A complex network of interlinked food chains in an ecosystem.

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    Producers

    Organisms that make their own food through photosynthesis, like plants.

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    Consumers

    Organisms that cannot produce their own food and must eat other living things.

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    Decomposers

    Organisms that break down dead material, returning nutrients to the ecosystem.

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    Study Notes

    Waste Management

    • Methods for dealing with waste are categorized by their environmental impact, from least to most desirable: Avoid, Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Recover, Dispose, Litter.
    • Landfill: Convenient and cheap, but causes pollution and takes up space.
    • Incineration: Deals with large amounts of waste but poses a risk of harmful fumes.
    • Recycling: Saves money and energy, reduces pollution, but not all items can be recycled and it requires effort.

    Invasive Species

    • Invasive species are those introduced by human activity that threaten existing wildlife.
    • Examples include rhododendron, and the grey squirrel, and Japanese knotweed.

    Conservation and Biodiversity

    • Conservation: Protecting and wise management of natural resources and their habitats.
    • Biodiversity: A variety of organisms on Earth is important for many reasons, including maintaining the balance of an ecosystem.
    • Threats to biodiversity: Climate change, habitat destruction, and pollution.
    • Ways to conserve biodiversity: Avoiding climate change impact, reducing pesticide use, and establishing protected areas (e.g., National Parks).

    Pollution

    • Pollution harms the environment by introducing harmful substances.
    • Categories of pollution: Air, water, and soil pollution.
    • Causes of pollution: Burning fossil fuels (air), dumping substances into water bodies (water), or excess fertilizer use in the soil.

    Adaptation & Interdependence

    • Adaptation: Beneficial characteristics for an organism in its environment.
    • Interdependence: Organisms rely on each other. For example, bees rely on dandelions for food, and dandelions on bees for pollination.

    Predation

    • Predation: One organism preys on and eats another.
    • Predator adaptations: Sharp claws, teeth, good eyesight, camouflage.
    • Prey adaptations: Side-facing eyes, good hearing, camouflage, stings, spikes.

    Niche

    • Niche: Describes a species' role within an ecosystem.
    • Includes aspects like habitat, diet, activity time, competitors, and predators (all aspects relevant for survival).

    Energy in Habitats

    • The sun is the primary source of energy for all Earth's habitats.
    • Energy flows through food chains and webs.

    Food Webs

    • Food webs are interconnected food chains.
    • Grassland/Woodland food web examples (involving plants such as buttercup and trees, and animals like hedgehogs, spiders, and hawks).

    Competition

    • Competition: Individuals in a habitat struggle for limited resources (example given, resources like light, water, space, and minerals in plants, and territory, food, and mates in animals).

    Producers, Consumers, Decomposers

    • Classifying living organisms in an ecosystem as producers (make their own food), consumers (feed on other organisms), and decomposers (break down dead organisms).
    • Producers example (includes plants like grasses, dandelions, clovers).
    • Consumers example (includes herbivores, carnivores, omnivores - details about animals who feed on plants or other animals or a combination of both).
    • Decomposers example (include earthworms, and fungi, and bacteria, that break down dead organisms).

    Food Chains

    • Food chains are a connected sequence of organisms where one is eaten by another (Example: Grass - Rabbit - Fox)

    Ecology

    • Ecology is the study of how living organisms interact with each other and their environment.
    • Habitat: The place where an organism lives.
    • Population: Organisms of the same species in a habitat.
    • Community: All populations in a habitat.
    • Ecosystem: Habitat + community.
    • Factors affecting organisms in ecosystems (examples given of Tropical rainforest factors)

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    Related Documents

    Environmental Science Notes PDF

    Description

    Explore the critical aspects of waste management, invasive species, and biodiversity. This quiz covers methods of waste reduction, the impact of invasive species, and the importance of conservation practices. Test your knowledge on these pressing environmental issues.

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