Environmental Science Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of Conservation Biology?

  • Meeting present needs without compromising future generations
  • Preserving and protecting threatened species and ecosystems (correct)
  • Development and implementation of laws and regulations to protect the environment
  • Study of relationships between organisms and their environment
  • What is the term for the variety of species, ecosystems, and genes in an environment?

  • Sustainability
  • Ecosystem Services
  • Biodiversity (correct)
  • Climate Change
  • What is the process of change in species over time through natural selection and genetic drift?

  • Genetics
  • Homeostasis
  • Photosynthesis
  • Evolution (correct)
  • What are the basic units of life, composed of cell membrane, cytoplasm, and genetic material?

    <p>Cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the study of motion, force, and energy?

    <p>Mechanics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ability of organisms to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes?

    <p>Homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the laws that describe how objects move and respond to forces?

    <p>Laws of Motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the benefits provided by nature, such as clean air and water, and soil formation?

    <p>Ecosystem Services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of Environmental Policy?

    <p>To develop and implement policies to protect the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the study of the composition, properties, and reactions of matter?

    <p>Chemistry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the state in which the rates of forward and reverse reactions are equal?

    <p>Chemical Equilibrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the clearance of forests, leading to loss of habitat and biodiversity?

    <p>Deforestation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the study of the natural world and the impact of human activities on the environment?

    <p>Environmental Science</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the benefits provided by ecosystems, such as air and water purification, soil formation, and climate regulation?

    <p>Ecosystem Services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the branch of chemistry that studies inorganic compounds, such as minerals and salts?

    <p>Inorganic Chemistry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs?

    <p>Sustainability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Environmental Science

    • Definition: Study of the natural world and the impact of human activity on the environment
    • Subfields:
      • Ecology: Study of relationships between organisms and their environment
      • Conservation Biology: Focus on preserving and protecting threatened species and ecosystems
      • Environmental Policy: Development and implementation of laws and regulations to protect the environment
    • Key concepts:
      • Sustainability: Meeting present needs without compromising future generations
      • Biodiversity: Variety of species, ecosystems, and genes in an environment
      • Climate Change: Global warming and associated changes in weather patterns
      • Ecosystem Services: Benefits provided by nature, such as clean air and water, and soil formation

    Biology

    • Definition: Study of living organisms and their interactions
    • Subfields:
      • Molecular Biology: Study of biological molecules, such as DNA and proteins
      • Cellular Biology: Study of cell structure, function, and processes
      • Organismal Biology: Study of entire organisms, including structure, function, and behavior
      • Ecology: Study of relationships between organisms and their environment (also part of Environmental Science)
    • Key concepts:
      • Cells: Basic units of life, composed of cell membrane, cytoplasm, and genetic material
      • Genes: Units of heredity, carrying information from one generation to the next
      • Evolution: Process of change in species over time through natural selection and genetic drift
      • Homeostasis: Ability of organisms to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes

    Physics

    • Definition: Study of the natural world around us, focusing on matter, energy, and the fundamental laws that govern the universe
    • Subfields:
      • Mechanics: Study of motion, force, and energy
      • Thermodynamics: Study of heat, temperature, and energy transfer
      • Electricity and Magnetism: Study of electric charges, currents, and magnetic fields
      • Quantum Mechanics: Study of behavior of matter and energy at the atomic and subatomic level
    • Key concepts:
      • Laws of Motion: Newton's laws describing how objects move and respond to forces
      • Energy: Ability to do work, comes in different forms (kinetic, potential, thermal, etc.)
      • Matter: Anything that has mass and occupies space, composed of atoms and molecules
      • Waves: Periodic disturbances that transfer energy through a medium, including light and sound

    Environmental Science

    • Study of the natural world and the impact of human activity on the environment
    • Consists of three subfields: Ecology, Conservation Biology, and Environmental Policy
    • Ecology: Study of relationships between organisms and their environment
    • Conservation Biology: Focus on preserving and protecting threatened species and ecosystems
    • Environmental Policy: Development and implementation of laws and regulations to protect the environment
    • Aims for sustainability, which is meeting present needs without compromising future generations
    • Recognizes the importance of biodiversity, which is the variety of species, ecosystems, and genes in an environment
    • Addresses climate change, which is global warming and associated changes in weather patterns
    • Ecosystem services are benefits provided by nature, such as clean air and water, and soil formation

    Biology

    • Study of living organisms and their interactions
    • Consists of four subfields: Molecular Biology, Cellular Biology, Organismal Biology, and Ecology
    • Molecular Biology: Study of biological molecules, such as DNA and proteins
    • Cellular Biology: Study of cell structure, function, and processes
    • Organismal Biology: Study of entire organisms, including structure, function, and behavior
    • Ecology: Study of relationships between organisms and their environment (also part of Environmental Science)
    • Cells are the basic units of life, composed of cell membrane, cytoplasm, and genetic material
    • Genes are units of heredity, carrying information from one generation to the next
    • Evolution is the process of change in species over time through natural selection and genetic drift
    • Organisms maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes through homeostasis

    Physics

    • Study of the natural world around us, focusing on matter, energy, and the fundamental laws that govern the universe
    • Consists of four subfields: Mechanics, Thermodynamics, Electricity and Magnetism, and Quantum Mechanics
    • Mechanics: Study of motion, force, and energy
    • Thermodynamics: Study of heat, temperature, and energy transfer
    • Electricity and Magnetism: Study of electric charges, currents, and magnetic fields
    • Quantum Mechanics: Study of behavior of matter and energy at the atomic and subatomic level
    • Newton's laws describe how objects move and respond to forces
    • Energy is the ability to do work, comes in different forms (kinetic, potential, thermal, etc.)
    • Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space, composed of atoms and molecules
    • Waves are periodic disturbances that transfer energy through a medium, including light and sound

    Environmental Science

    • Environmental Science is the study of the natural world and the impact of human activities on the environment.
    • Ecology studies the relationships between organisms and their environment.
    • Conservation Biology focuses on the preservation and protection of threatened and endangered species.
    • Environmental Policy involves the development and implementation of policies to protect the environment.
    • Biodiversity refers to the variety of species, ecosystems, and genes.
    • Ecosystem Services provide benefits such as air and water purification, soil formation, and climate regulation.
    • Sustainability means meeting the needs of the present without compromising future generations' ability to meet their own needs.
    • Climate Change causes global warming and associated changes in weather patterns.
    • Pollution is the release of harmful substances into the environment, including air, water, and land pollution.
    • Deforestation is the clearance of forests, leading to loss of habitat and biodiversity.

    Chemistry

    • Chemistry is the study of the composition, properties, and reactions of matter.
    • Inorganic Chemistry studies inorganic compounds, such as minerals and salts.
    • Organic Chemistry studies organic compounds, such as carbon-based molecules.
    • Physical Chemistry studies the physical properties and behavior of matter.
    • Atomic Structure consists of protons, neutrons, and electrons that make up an atom.
    • Chemical Bonding forms bonds between atoms, including ionic, covalent, and metallic bonds.
    • Chemical Reactions involve the transformation of one or more substances into new substances.
    • Acidity and Basicity measure the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution.
    • pH is a scale used to measure the acidity or basicity of a solution.
    • Chemical Equilibrium is a state in which the rates of forward and reverse reactions are equal.

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