Podcast
Questions and Answers
What percentage of India's geographical area is covered by forests as of 2019?
What percentage of India's geographical area is covered by forests as of 2019?
What percentage of India's population is directly or indirectly supported by forests?
What percentage of India's population is directly or indirectly supported by forests?
What is the primary goal of the National Forest Policy of 1988?
What is the primary goal of the National Forest Policy of 1988?
Which of the following is NOT a type of forest found in India?
Which of the following is NOT a type of forest found in India?
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What is the primary objective of the Compensatory Afforestation Fund Act of 2016?
What is the primary objective of the Compensatory Afforestation Fund Act of 2016?
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What is the primary goal of the Green India Mission?
What is the primary goal of the Green India Mission?
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What is the main objective of the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972?
What is the main objective of the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972?
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What is the main threat to forest and wildlife conservation in India?
What is the main threat to forest and wildlife conservation in India?
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What is the primary objective of Project Tiger?
What is the primary objective of Project Tiger?
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What is the main achievement of Project Tiger since its inception?
What is the main achievement of Project Tiger since its inception?
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What is a major challenge faced by Project Tiger?
What is a major challenge faced by Project Tiger?
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What method is used to monitor and research tiger populations in Project Tiger?
What method is used to monitor and research tiger populations in Project Tiger?
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What is a benefit of Project Tiger to local communities?
What is a benefit of Project Tiger to local communities?
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What is a long-term threat to tiger populations in Project Tiger?
What is a long-term threat to tiger populations in Project Tiger?
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Study Notes
Forest Conservation in India
Importance of Forests
- Cover 21.67% of India's geographical area (as of 2019)
- Support 27% of India's population directly or indirectly
- Provide 28% of the country's oxygen
- Absorb 11% of the country's carbon dioxide
- Home to 8% of the world's biodiversity
Forest Types in India
- Tropical rainforests (Western Ghats, Eastern Ghats, and Andaman and Nicobar Islands)
- Deciduous forests (Central India, Eastern India, and Northern India)
- Temperate forests (Himalayan region)
- Alpine forests (Himalayan region above 3,500 meters)
Forest Conservation Efforts
- National Forest Policy (1988) aims to increase forest cover to 33% of the country's area
- Joint Forest Management (JFM) involves local communities in forest management
- Compensatory Afforestation Fund Act (2016) provides funding for afforestation and reforestation
- Green India Mission aims to increase forest cover by 5 million hectares by 2020
Wildlife Conservation in India
Wildlife Conservation Efforts
- Wildlife Protection Act (1972) prohibits hunting and trade of endangered species
- Project Tiger (1973) aims to conserve tiger habitats and populations
- Project Elephant (1992) aims to conserve elephant habitats and populations
- National Wildlife Conservation Board advises the government on wildlife conservation
- Wildlife Institute of India provides training and research in wildlife conservation
Protected Areas in India
- National Parks: 103 (as of 2019)
- Wildlife Sanctuaries: 537 (as of 2019)
- Conservation Reserves: 218 (as of 2019)
- Community Reserves: 65 (as of 2019)
Threats to Forest and Wildlife Conservation
- Deforestation and habitat fragmentation
- Human-wildlife conflict
- Poaching and wildlife trafficking
- Climate change
- Mining and infrastructure development
Forest Conservation in India
Importance of Forests
- Forests cover 21.67% of India's geographical area
- 27% of India's population depends directly or indirectly on forests
- Forests provide 28% of the country's oxygen
- They absorb 11% of the country's carbon dioxide
- India's forests are home to 8% of the world's biodiversity
Forest Types in India
- Tropical rainforests are found in Western Ghats, Eastern Ghats, and Andaman and Nicobar Islands
- Deciduous forests are found in Central India, Eastern India, and Northern India
- Temperate forests are found in the Himalayan region
- Alpine forests are found in the Himalayan region above 3,500 meters
Forest Conservation Efforts
- The National Forest Policy aims to increase forest cover to 33% of the country's area
- Joint Forest Management involves local communities in forest management
- The Compensatory Afforestation Fund Act provides funding for afforestation and reforestation
- The Green India Mission aims to increase forest cover by 5 million hectares by 2020
Wildlife Conservation in India
Wildlife Conservation Efforts
- The Wildlife Protection Act prohibits hunting and trade of endangered species
- Project Tiger aims to conserve tiger habitats and populations
- Project Elephant aims to conserve elephant habitats and populations
- The National Wildlife Conservation Board advises the government on wildlife conservation
- The Wildlife Institute of India provides training and research in wildlife conservation
Protected Areas in India
- There are 103 national parks in India
- There are 537 wildlife sanctuaries in India
- There are 218 conservation reserves in India
- There are 65 community reserves in India
Threats to Forest and Wildlife Conservation
- Deforestation and habitat fragmentation threaten forests and wildlife
- Human-wildlife conflict is a major threat
- Poaching and wildlife trafficking are significant threats
- Climate change affects forests and wildlife
- Mining and infrastructure development threaten forests and wildlife
Project Tiger
Introduction
- Launched in 1973 to conserve the tiger population and its habitat in India
- A flagship program of the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
Objectives
- Ensure the survival and maintenance of a viable tiger population in India
- Preserve the ecosystem and biodiversity of tiger habitats
- Reduce human-tiger conflict and promote coexistence
Features
- Established nine tiger reserves covering over 15,000 sq.km
- Implements habitat management, anti-poaching, and human-tiger conflict mitigation measures
- Involves local communities in conservation efforts through eco-development programs
- Monitors and researches tiger populations using camera traps, DNA analysis, and other methods
Achievements
- Increased tiger population in India from 1,400 in 2006 to 2,967 in 2018
- Habitat protection and restoration efforts led to the recovery of degraded forests
- Reduced human-tiger conflict through village relocation and creation of buffer zones
- Community-based eco-tourism generated income and employment opportunities for local people
Challenges
- Habitat fragmentation and degradation due to infrastructure development and agricultural expansion
- Poaching and human-tiger conflict threaten tiger populations
- Climate change and changing prey dynamics may impact tiger populations in the long term
- Funding and resource constraints hinder effective implementation of conservation efforts
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Description
Learn about the importance of forests in India, including their coverage, population support, and role in oxygen production and carbon dioxide absorption. Explore the different types of forests in India, including tropical rainforests and deciduous forests.
