Environmental Problems and Solutions

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Questions and Answers

What are the three major kinds of strategies used in resource management?

Assessment, planning, and execution

Conservation, exploitation, and restoration (correct)

Production, transportation, and consumption

Regulation, negotiation, and advocacy

Which of the following industries would most likely use corporate management strategies?

Local artisan shops

Non-profit organizations

Agriculture and farming practices

Telecommunications companies (correct)

Which of the following is considered one of the eight major environmental laws in the Philippines?

Republic Act No. 9003 - Ecological Solid Waste Management Act

Presidential Decree No. 1586 - Environmental Impact Statement System

Republic Act No. 9275 - Clean Water Act

All of the above (correct)

Which type of ethics is primarily reflected in environmental policies focusing on human welfare?

Social ethics Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of the Philippine Environmental Policy is most aligned with economic ethics?

Maximization of profit through resource extraction Signup and view all the answers

What is the main environmental concern related to ozone depletion?

Increased levels of UV radiation reaching the Earth's surface Signup and view all the answers

How does ozone benefit the Earth when located in the stratosphere?

It blocks out harmful UV radiation Signup and view all the answers

What potential health issues can arise from increased UV radiation due to ozone depletion?

Skin cancer and eye cataracts Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of ozone formation near the ground?

Chemical reactions involving traffic pollution and sunlight Signup and view all the answers

Which compounds are known to contribute to ozone depletion?

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to life on Earth without the ozone layer?

Life cannot evolve the same way it has Signup and view all the answers

What question is raised regarding the recovery of the ozone layer?

Can ozone recovery happen with natural processes? Signup and view all the answers

What is the molecular composition of ozone?

O3 Signup and view all the answers

During which season was the ozone hole over the Antarctic first notably observed?

Spring Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ozone in the atmosphere?

To absorb harmful UV light Signup and view all the answers

What chemical reaction occurs when ultraviolet light interacts with ozone?

O3 + UV light → O2 + O Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of UV light energy is absorbed by the ozone layer?

99% Signup and view all the answers

What type of UV rays are particularly damaging and found within the 200-290 nanometer range?

UV-C Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organisms has limited defense mechanisms against UV rays?

Bacteria Signup and view all the answers

What happens to oxygen molecules when exposed to ultraviolet light?

They split into oxygen atoms Signup and view all the answers

Where in the atmosphere does the ozone layer primarily exist?

Stratosphere Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason diarrheal diseases threaten lives in areas with limited access to clean water?

Poor sanitation practices Signup and view all the answers

What does ORT consist of?

Salt, water, and sugar Signup and view all the answers

By what year is the world population expected to exceed 10 billion?

2050 Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the current population increase occurs in developing countries?

95% Signup and view all the answers

What implication does unchecked population growth have on the environment?

Decreased food security in various regions Signup and view all the answers

Which factor significantly impacts the environment, even in countries with lower population growth rates?

Consumption levels in industrialized countries Signup and view all the answers

What likely consequence arises from the conversion of forests and mountain slopes into croplands in the Third World?

Promotion of erosion and desertification Signup and view all the answers

What does the statement 'One American affects the environment to a greater degree than 20 Indians' imply?

Consumption patterns are significant Signup and view all the answers

What environmental problem is likely to be exacerbated by increasing population and consumption?

Greater incidence of waste production Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best summarizes the challenges posed by population growth?

It contributes to resource depletion and environmental issues. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of environmental management?

To preserve environmental functions through integrated efforts Signup and view all the answers

Which approach is characterized by governments setting and enforcing environmental standards?

Regulatory or command and control approach Signup and view all the answers

In the context of ethical principles, which decade marked the rise of environmentalism in developed countries?

1960s Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of violating set environmental standards?

Imposition of penalties through legislation Signup and view all the answers

What should companies do to show awareness of environmental issues?

Engage in waste minimization practices Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a part of environmental management?

Complete abandon of environmental policies Signup and view all the answers

What is a major health risk associated with exposure to lead?

Mental retardation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can serve as evidence of local companies' awareness of environmental conservation?

Introduction of eco-friendly products in supermarkets Signup and view all the answers

Which strategy is least effective in addressing environmental protection?

Lack of standards for waste management Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released into the atmosphere from burning fossil fuels?

They create acid rain Signup and view all the answers

What level of pH indicates neutral conditions?

7 Signup and view all the answers

What major purpose does legislation serve in environmental protection?

To establish standards and impose penalties Signup and view all the answers

Which pollutant is specifically mentioned as being highly toxic and linked to cancer and birth defects?

Benzene Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a component of government strategies for environmental protection?

Providing subsidies for pollution Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH level of acid rain as mentioned in the content?

2.0 Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of particulate matter exposure during fetal development?

Functional defects in infants Signup and view all the answers

Which environmental condition is affected by acid rain, specifically due to its composition?

Soil fertility Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the regulatory or 'command and control' approach in environmental management?

Setting direct environmental standards or targets enforced by legislation. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of environmental management as described?

Economic exploitation Signup and view all the answers

What role do ethical principles play in natural resources management schemes?

They guide the practices aimed at conserving and protecting the environment. Signup and view all the answers

What is a main outcome expected from the lesson on environmental protection strategies?

To identify approaches and strategies of governments and corporations in environmental protection. Signup and view all the answers

Which practice is promoted under the concept of waste minimization in corporations?

Enhanced recycling and resource recovery efforts. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the major sources of oil slicks in the ocean?

Oil tankers discharging crude oil at sea Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of oil spills on marine birds?

Loss of buoyancy and thermal insulation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an effect of oil spills on marine life?

Increased genetic diversity Signup and view all the answers

What types of wastes are significantly increased in the sea due to human activities?

Radioactive and toxic waste Signup and view all the answers

Which organism is known to accumulate radioactive wastes in marine environments?

Clams Signup and view all the answers

What effect does swallowed oil have on birds when they preen their feathers?

Intestinal disorders and organ failure Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following plastics have been found circulating through the seas?

Polyethylene and polypropylene Signup and view all the answers

What major problem is caused by the plastic pollution in the sea?

Circulated fragments affecting marine life Signup and view all the answers

What is a long-term effect of exposure to oil spills on marine organisms?

Long term developmental defects Signup and view all the answers

What human activity is primarily responsible for the increase in atmospheric CO2 levels?

Burning fossil fuels Signup and view all the answers

How does deforestation contribute to the increase of CO2 in the atmosphere?

By removing vegetation that stores carbon Signup and view all the answers

What has been the approximate increase in CO2 levels at the Mauna Loa Observatory from 1958 to 2005?

65 ppm Signup and view all the answers

What role do trees play in regulating atmospheric CO2 levels?

They use CO2 for photosynthesis to produce energy. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about carbon in forested land?

Trees effectively tie up carbon in their structure. Signup and view all the answers

What primary source contributes to methane emissions in the atmosphere?

Biological processes Signup and view all the answers

What potential impact of fossil-fuel burning could increase atmospheric CO2 levels?

It generates electricity and heat. Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant consequence of the increasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere?

Global warming effects. Signup and view all the answers

Why is the Mauna Loa Observatory significant in monitoring CO2 levels?

It has been measuring CO2 since 1958. Signup and view all the answers

What change in CO2 levels has been observed at Mauna Loa Observatory since its establishment?

A steady increase in CO2 levels Signup and view all the answers

Which diseases are expected to spread more widely due to climate change?

Malaria and dengue fever Signup and view all the answers

What natural system may see a significant alteration in the geographic distribution of organisms due to rising temperatures?

Tundra and mountainous areas Signup and view all the answers

How does increased CO2 affect coral reefs?

It increases ocean acidity, affecting coral skeletons Signup and view all the answers

What consequence does the thawing of permafrost have due to climate change?

It allows boreal species to migrate northward Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following diseases is likely to be linked with algal blooms as temperatures rise?

Cholera Signup and view all the answers

What impact does rising sea levels have on coastal ecosystems?

It leads to the inundation of marshes Signup and view all the answers

How might warmer temperatures affect agriculture and food supply?

They can negatively impact crop yields Signup and view all the answers

Which factor increases the prevalence of vector-borne diseases?

Warmer temperatures supporting insect establishment Signup and view all the answers

What ecological change may result from the loss of snowpack in mountainous areas?

Earlier melting of winter snow Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of rising temperatures?

Increased agricultural efficiency Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Environmental Problems and Mitigating Measures

The environment is being depleted of its components daily.
Many factors affect the environment, including pollution, the greenhouse effect, global warming, climate change, ozone depletion, acid rain, overpopulation, and infectious diseases.
Mitigating measures and environmental management laws are important aspects of conservation efforts.
Different types of pollution are a concern, including their sources, effects on humans and the environment, and ways to mitigate environmental problems.
Environmental pollution is defined as the contamination of the Earth's system to the point that normal environmental processes are negatively impacted.
A pollutant is a substance that poses a risk to health or the environment due to its presence, quantity, and chemical/physical properties.
Pollution is the introduction of harmful substances into the environment.
Contamination refers to altering the quality of an organism or environment by increasing amounts of a substance beyond natural levels.
Air pollution includes various substances like smoke, fog, and other pollutants that cause respiratory problems and health issues.

Module 5, Lesson 1 Environmental Pollution

Pollution is the contamination of the physical and biological components of the Earth's system, affecting normal environmental processes.
Pollutants include substances harmful to health or the environment.
Eutrophication is the process of nutrient enrichment of water bodies.

Module 5, Lesson 2 Global Warming and Climate Change

Global warming is the rising average temperature of Earth's climate system.
Climate change includes effects of global warming on rainfall patterns, extreme weather, and the arrival of different seasons.
Scientists have linked increased average temperatures to human activity and its effects on greenhouse gases.
Greenhouse gases cause the greenhouse effect, trapping heat in the atmosphere.
Natural sources and human-related activities are the primary causes of greenhouse gas emissions.

Module 5, Lesson 3 Ozone Depletion

Ozone depletion is a significant environmental problem that leads to increased UV radiation.
Increased UV radiation increases the risk of skin cancer, eye cataracts, and damage to the genetic and immune systems.
Ozone is essential for protecting life on Earth, filtering out harmful UV radiation.
Chemical compounds (e.g., chlorofluorocarbons) are major contributors to ozone depletion.

Module 5, Lesson 4 Overpopulation and Infectious Diseases

Overpopulation is a known factor affecting the spread of infectious diseases.
Population density plays a role in infectious disease transmission.
Emerging infectious diseases are linked to population density and are a growing concern.
Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) is an important treatment for dehydration caused by diarrheal illness.

Module 5, Lesson 5 Environmental Management and Laws

Environmental management is an integrated approach to preserving the environment.
Ethical principles guide resource management.
Strategies like waste minimization, life-cycle analysis, and design for disassembly can be beneficial for companies.

Additional Information

This document presents various environmental problems and potential solutions.
There are several regulations and methodologies to control or mitigate these problems.

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Description

Explore the various environmental problems facing our planet, from pollution and climate change to overpopulation and acid rain. This quiz also covers important mitigating measures and environmental management laws aimed at conservation. Test your knowledge on the sources and effects of pollution and how we can work towards a healthier environment.