Environmental Legislation and Sustainability Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What significant environmental legislation was passed in the US in 1972?

Clean Air Act

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act

Clean Water Act (correct)

Endangered Species Act

Which theme is highlighted for Earth Day 2024?

Sustainable Energy

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle

Climate Action Now

Planet vs. Plastics (correct)

What reduction in plastic production does the Earth Day Network aim for by 2040?

50 percent

30 percent

40 percent

60 percent (correct)

Which approach is NOT suggested by the Earth Day Network to reduce plastic production?

Encouraging fast fashion growth Signup and view all the answers

What is one immediate action companies can take to reduce their plastic impact?

Use natural or recycled fabrics Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a major contributor to plastic pollution mentioned in the context?

Fast fashion Signup and view all the answers

How many partners does the Earth Day Network have globally?

More than 50,000 Signup and view all the answers

What health risks have been linked to plastic pollution, according to research?

Cancer and marine wildlife deaths Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the sea-cooled data center in Dogen City?

For healthcare and drug discovery Signup and view all the answers

What annual food production capacity is expected from Dogen City's farming technology?

7,000 tons Signup and view all the answers

When is the completion of Dogen City projected to be?

2030 Signup and view all the answers

How many residents will Dogen City be able to accommodate?

10,000 Signup and view all the answers

Which city unveiled plans for a sustainable maritime metropolis alongside Dogen City?

Busan, South Korea Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the reasons researchers believe periodical cicadas emerge every 13 or 17 years?

To avoid becoming predictable prey for certain predators. Signup and view all the answers

Which two states are expected to experience overlapping cicada broods during this emergence?

Illinois and Iowa Signup and view all the answers

Which new sport is making its Olympic debut at the Paris 2024 Games?

Breaking Signup and view all the answers

What type of damage can cicadas cause to young trees?

They create incisions that sever the food supply. Signup and view all the answers

How are competitors judged in the street skateboarding event?

Based on their overall style and number of tricks. Signup and view all the answers

Which cicada brood appears every 13 years?

Brood XIX Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum height that athletes climb in the lead climbing event?

49 feet Signup and view all the answers

During which window will the surfing competition at the Paris 2024 Olympics take place?

July 27 to August 5 Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the lifecycle of cicadas after they hatch?

They burrow into the soil. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to adult cicadas shortly after laying eggs?

They die soon after. Signup and view all the answers

What is significant about the upcoming nova event compared to the solar eclipse?

It will be visible without special equipment. Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic makes breaking unique among the new Olympic sports?

It combines dance and acrobatic skills. Signup and view all the answers

Which star components are involved in a nova event?

A red giant and a white dwarf. Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical loudness level of male cicadas' mating call?

90 decibels Signup and view all the answers

How often does T Coronae Borealis experience nova outbursts?

Every 80 years. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of nets suggested by experts for young trees during cicada emergence?

To protect the trees from egg-laying damage. Signup and view all the answers

What were the consequences of the earthquake that struck Taiwan on April 3, 2024?

It caused severe injury but low fatalities. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the scoring in the surfing competition from other sports in the Olympics?

Points are awarded for variety, type, and difficulty of maneuvers. Signup and view all the answers

What has been credited with the reduction in fatalities from the recent earthquake in Taiwan?

Strict building codes and preparedness measures. Signup and view all the answers

What kind of star system is T Coronae Borealis?

A binary star system. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of increased pressure leading to a nova explosion?

Accumulation of material on the white dwarf. Signup and view all the answers

Which earthquake caused a significant loss of life in Taiwan, killing over 2,400 people?

The 1999 earthquake. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the phenomenon 'Ring of Fire' is incorrect?

It exclusively covers the Pacific plate. Signup and view all the answers

What would be the likely appearance of the T Coronae Borealis nova explosion to observers on Earth?

It will appear as a bright star in the northern sky. Signup and view all the answers

How long could the upcoming nova event potentially be visible?

Several days. Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the most notable aspects of Cole Brauer's solo sailing achievement?

She was the only woman to compete in the event. Signup and view all the answers

What additional factor could have contributed to the lower injury rate in the April 2024 earthquake?

The effectiveness of structural designs. Signup and view all the answers

What event occurred just before the Battle of Brandywine?

The North Carolina brigade passed through Philadelphia. Signup and view all the answers

What was significant about the sketch created by the artist?

It was the first wartime drawing done by an eyewitness of the North Carolina troops. Signup and view all the answers

Which artist was identified as the creator of the significant sketch?

Pierre Eugene du Simitiere Signup and view all the answers

What adaptation was observed for the first time in male crab spiders?

Cooperation in mimicry with a female. Signup and view all the answers

What key role did female followers of the Continental Army play?

They provided medical care and household support. Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the fossil discovery made by Justin and Ruby Reynolds?

It led to the discovery of a new giant ichthyosaur species. Signup and view all the answers

What was the estimated length of the newly discovered ichthyosaur?

Approximately 80 feet (24 m) Signup and view all the answers

What was the main reason for the male crab spider's disguise?

To blend in with the flower and avoid detection. Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the June 2020 finding made by Justin and Ruby?

It contributed to the understanding of marine reptiles. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of the crab spiders' behavior was considered rare?

Cooperative mimicry being documented. Signup and view all the answers

What significant action was taken by Hernstadt concerning the sketch?

He donated it to a local museum. Signup and view all the answers

What common misconception about fossil discoveries was mentioned by Dr. Lomax?

Fossils are often misidentified as common rocks. Signup and view all the answers

When was the sketch of the North Carolina Brigade put on public display?

April 2024 Signup and view all the answers

What significant challenge did Brauer face during her journey in the Global Solo Challenge?

She had to manage severe dehydration and insert an IV. Signup and view all the answers

Which geographical locations did Brauer's journey encompass?

Africa, Australia, and South America Signup and view all the answers

How did the chimpanzees studied by Dr. Lemoine assess risks during territorial patrols?

By using elevation to listen for sounds from rivals Signup and view all the answers

What unique tactical ability do chimpanzees demonstrate according to the study?

Employing human-like military tactics Signup and view all the answers

What inspired Brauer to pursue a career in sailing instead of medicine?

A love for the ocean developed in college in Hawaii Signup and view all the answers

What role did technology play in Brauer's participation in the Global Solo Challenge?

She used satellite guidance and social media to document her journey. Signup and view all the answers

What was significant about the artwork purchased by Judith Hernstadt?

It was a previously unknown eyewitness sketch related to the Continental Army. Signup and view all the answers

What did the researchers use to follow the chimpanzee groups during their study?

GPS trackers to observe their behavior Signup and view all the answers

What hazard is notably associated with Cape Horn that makes it particularly difficult for sailors?

Sharp rises in ocean floor and strong winds Signup and view all the answers

What common behavior is shared between humans and chimpanzees as noted in the study?

Communicating through gestures and vocalizations Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the dreams Brauer expressed regarding her sailing success?

To inspire other young girls to consider sailing professionally Signup and view all the answers

How long did the researchers monitor the chimpanzees in Tai National Park?

From 2013 to 2016 for a total of 3 years Signup and view all the answers

What does Dr. Lemoine state about tactical warfare in relation to evolution?

It is considered a driver of human evolution. Signup and view all the answers

What primarily sustains zombie fires underground?

Organic matter such as peat Signup and view all the answers

Why have the number of zombie fires surged sharply in recent years?

A three-year drought and less snow Signup and view all the answers

In which regions outside Canada do zombie fires also occur?

Siberia, Alaska, and Northern Europe Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary reason firefighters have difficulty detecting zombie fires?

The ground is often frozen and snow-covered Signup and view all the answers

How long can zombie fires remain active underground?

Months to years Signup and view all the answers

What key feature of the X-59 aircraft helps reduce sonic booms?

Its long, pointed nose Signup and view all the answers

What was a major limiting factor for the Concorde's flights over land?

Sonic booms disturbing communities Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of NASA's testing of the X-59?

To gather feedback on sound produced during supersonic flight Signup and view all the answers

What problem are the communities facing due to the resurgence of zombie fires?

Forced evacuations from their homes Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the type of fires that can burn underground for extended periods?

Zombie fires Signup and view all the answers

What environmental conditions have contributed to the worst wildfire season in Canada?

A combination of drought and lower precipitation Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated number of zombie fires currently raging in British Columbia?

93 Signup and view all the answers

What unique characteristic does the X-59 aircraft possess?

It flies at supersonic speeds without a sonic boom. Signup and view all the answers

What natural disaster poses a significant threat to coastal communities globally?

Rising sea levels Signup and view all the answers

What was the key decision regarding scoring at the Paris Games for climbing events?

Bouldering and lead climbing scores will be combined, while speed climbing will be independent. Signup and view all the answers

What healing method did Rakus, the Sumatran orangutan, employ for his cheek wound?

He chewed on a tropical vine known for its medicinal properties. Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant environmental threat to the Sumatran orangutan population?

Conversion of rainforests into oil palm plantations. Signup and view all the answers

When are tornadoes in the United States most active?

March to July. Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of supercell storms that makes them prone to tornado formation?

Presence of cold, dry polar air interacting with warm, moist tropical air. Signup and view all the answers

How long did it take for Rakus's wound to completely heal?

One month. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary cause of the significant damage in Marietta, Oklahoma during the April 2024 tornado outbreak?

An EF-4 tornado with extremely high winds. Signup and view all the answers

How many Sumatran orangutans are estimated to be left in the wild?

About 14,600. Signup and view all the answers

Which regions are included in the 'Tornado Alley' of the United States?

Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Nebraska. Signup and view all the answers

What unique action did Rakus take when flies began to hover around his wound?

He covered the wound with leaves. Signup and view all the answers

What was the estimated average number of tornadoes reported in April 2024?

About 300 tornadoes. Signup and view all the answers

What did researchers indicate about Rakus's behavior after applying the healing juice to his wound?

He returned to the plant for more leaves and rested more than usual. Signup and view all the answers

What phase of recovery indicates Rakus's other traits according to Dr. Laumer?

His ability to treat wounds using plants. Signup and view all the answers

What month had the highest number of tornadoes in 2024, based on reports?

April. Signup and view all the answers

What significant difference exists between ordinary thunderstorms and supercells?

Supercells last much longer. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Earth Day 2024 Theme: Planet vs. Plastics

Earth Day is celebrated annually on April 22nd.
The global movement began in 1970 with Gaylord Nelson's mobilization of over 20 million people.
The Earth Day Network (EDN) has over 50,000 partners in 190+ countries, leading to environmental laws (Clean Water Act, Endangered Species Act, Paris Agreement).
EDN aims for a 60% reduction in plastic production by 2040, citing over 380 million tons of annual plastic production, with 50% for single-use.

Earth Day 2024 Action Plan

EDN highlights health risks of plastic pollution (cancer, marine wildlife deaths).
Aimed to persuade countries to phase out single-use plastics by 2030.
Urging governments to ban fast fashion (major plastic polluter).
Encouraging corporations to invest in sustainable plastic substitutes.

2024 Earth Day: Individual Action

Individuals can reduce plastic use by opting for reusable cutlery, containers, water bottles, and lunch bags.
Clothing manufacturers can use recycled or natural fabrics, restaurants - compostable containers.

Upcoming Celestial Event: Nova Outburst

A nova is a sudden, dramatic increase in brightness in a binary star system, featuring a red giant and white dwarf.
Material from the red giant accumulates on the white dwarf, leading to an explosion.
The T Coronae Borealis (T CrB) system, located 3,000 light-years from Earth, is expected to erupt.
The eruption is anticipated to happen sometime before September 2024 with a possibly observable naked-eye view.
Such occurrences happens approximately once every 80 years.

Taiwan Earthquake of April 3, 2024

A 7.4 magnitude earthquake struck Taiwan's east coast on April 3, 2024.
This was the most powerful quake in 25 years.
The quake caused landslides, destroying/damaging infrastructure.
At least 13 people were killed, and over a thousand were injured.

Taiwan Earthquake Preparedness and Response

Taiwan's advanced earthquake preparedness (seismic sensors, alerts, drills) contributed to a comparatively lower death toll compared to the 1999 quake.
Strict building codes ensured the structural integrity of many buildings.
Rescue efforts continued as of April 7, 2024, and efforts were focused on finding survivors caught in the debris.
Earthquake severity was localized to the east coast, while the west coast was largely unaffected.

First Solo Female Circumnavigation

Cole Brauer completed the 30,000-mile Global Solo Challenge in 130 days.
She is the first American woman to complete the challenge without stopping.
Her journey began in A Coruña, Spain, on October 29, 2023.
Brauer encountered significant challenges, including a rib injury and dehydration.

Chimpanzee Military Tactics

Chimpanzee groups patrol their territory boundaries, using elevation to assess risk levels.
They form coordinated groups on higher ground to monitor rivals.
Confidence to enter rivals' territory is linked to lower risk of conflict.
This strategic use of elevation demonstrates complex cognitive abilities in animals.

Newly Discovered Revolutionary War Sketch

A sketch depicting the North Carolina Brigade crossing Philadelphia during the Revolutionary War was discovered in Judith Hernstadt's collection.
The sketch, dated August, 1777, shows women and a baby in a horse-drawn carriage alongside Continental soldiers.
The sketch is the first known eyewitness drawing of the North Carolina troops and only one of two showcasing women in the Continental Army.

Crab Spider Cooperation Mimicry

Scientists observed male and female crab spiders mimicking a flower to camouflage themselves.
This is the first documented occurrence of cooperation mimicry in any species.
Female crab spiders frequently camouflage to blend in with their floral environment.
Male spiders disguise themselves as pistils and stamens.

New Ichthyosaur Species

Amateur paleontologists, Justin Reynolds and Ruby Reynolds, discovered fossilized bones of a massive ichthyosaur species.
The remains estimated the marine reptile's length at roughly 80 feet long.
The species was named "Ichthyotitan severnensis."
Ruby and Justin were co-authors on the study published in PLOS One.

Trillions of Cicadas Emerging in US

Massive swarms of periodical cicadas are emerging in a rare simultaneous appearance, across 16 US states from Maryland to Oklahoma.
Brood XIX (13-year cycle) and Brood XIII (17-year cycle) are overlapping for the first time in 221 years.
Cicadas emerge to reproduce and die after brief land-based life cycles.
The insects' emergence is a result of prime-number cycles that prevent predators from adapting to prey.

2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, France

The 2024 Summer Olympics will include four new sports: breaking, surfing, skateboarding, and sport climbing.
Breaking will feature men's and women's events, judged on style and skill.
Surfing will take place in Tahiti.
Skateboarding will have park and street disciplines.
Sport climbing will comprise bouldering, speed, and lead climbing events.

Sumatran Orangutan Wound Treatment

A Sumatran orangutan named Rakus successfully treated a wound using a medicinal tropical plant (liana).
Rakus chewed on the plant's leaves, rubbed the juice onto the wound, and covered it to accelerate healing.
Rakus demonstrates self-healing and wound treatment in an observational study.
This is the first known case of a wild animal actively using a medical plant to treat an injury.
Sumatran orangutans are critically endangered due to habitat loss.

2024 Tornado Outbreak

An above-average number of tornadoes (over 300) occurred in April-May 2024 across the US.
An EF-4 tornado hit Marietta, Oklahoma, causing significant damage and fatalities.
An EF-3 tornado in Midwest USA tore through the residents of Minden, Iowa as well.
High tornado activity continues nationwide with most focused around Oklahoma, Michigan, and Tennessee.

X-59 Supersonic Aircraft

NASA's X-59 aircraft aims to revolutionize supersonic flight by eliminating the sonic boom.
The design features a unique nose shape to dissipate shock waves.
The cockpit is modified to avoid disturbing sounds.
Tests and community feedback are planned in 2024 to address and assess sound disturbances.
This new aircraft could allow for faster and quieter supersonic flight.

Floating City Project: Dogen City, Japan

Dogen City aims to combat rising sea levels by building a self-sufficient floating city.
The city will house 10,000 residents and feature food production, education, healthcare, and recreational facilities.
It boasts a two-layer design for resilience against tsunamis and includes underwater data facilities.
The anticipated completion date is 2030.

Zombie Wildfires in Canada

The 2023 wildfire season was severe in Canada.
"Zombie" fires, which smolder underground, are re-emerging due to warmer temperatures and lower snowfall.
Fires are difficult to locate and extinguish due to their hidden nature and remote locations.
This phenomenon is not limited to Canada but also occurs in regions like Alaska and Siberia.

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Test your knowledge on environmental legislation and initiatives aimed at reducing plastic pollution. This quiz covers significant events, current goals, and innovative solutions related to sustainability and Earth Day. Explore the implications of these topics for the future of our planet.