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Questions and Answers
What was the purpose of David Varnes' 1978 proposal?
What was the purpose of David Varnes' 1978 proposal?
- To create a broader definition of landslides
- To predict the frequency of landslides
- To develop a more precise classification scheme for mass movements (correct)
- To study the effects of landslides on the environment
What is the term used to describe blocks coming away by rotation from a vertical face?
What is the term used to describe blocks coming away by rotation from a vertical face?
- Slide
- Fall
- Flow
- Topple (correct)
What type of landslide involves the movement of a body of material that remains intact while moving over one or several inclined surfaces?
What type of landslide involves the movement of a body of material that remains intact while moving over one or several inclined surfaces?
- Flow
- Spread
- Slide (correct)
- Fall
What is the term used to describe a layer of material cracking, opening up, and expanding laterally?
What is the term used to describe a layer of material cracking, opening up, and expanding laterally?
What is the term used to describe the movement of fluidized material, which can be both dry or rich in water?
What is the term used to describe the movement of fluidized material, which can be both dry or rich in water?
What type of movement can affect entire mountain slopes or portions of it?
What type of movement can affect entire mountain slopes or portions of it?
What can occur when a landslide initiates as a rock fall or topple and then transforms into a debris slide or flow?
What can occur when a landslide initiates as a rock fall or topple and then transforms into a debris slide or flow?
How many types of movement are recognized in the Hungr-Leroueil-Picarelli classification?
How many types of movement are recognized in the Hungr-Leroueil-Picarelli classification?
What is the primary driving force behind a landslide?
What is the primary driving force behind a landslide?
What is the term used to describe the reduction of landslide risks and impacts?
What is the term used to describe the reduction of landslide risks and impacts?
What can trigger a landslide in many cases?
What can trigger a landslide in many cases?
What can lead to a decrease in the shear strength of slope material?
What can lead to a decrease in the shear strength of slope material?
What is the term used to describe the process of mass wasting that includes rockfalls, mudflows, and debris flows?
What is the term used to describe the process of mass wasting that includes rockfalls, mudflows, and debris flows?
What is the result of a decrease in the shear strength of slope material or an increase in the shear stress borne by the material?
What is the result of a decrease in the shear strength of slope material or an increase in the shear stress borne by the material?
Where can landslides occur?
Where can landslides occur?
What can global warming caused by climate change increase?
What can global warming caused by climate change increase?
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Study Notes
Landslides and Human Development
- Human activities such as urban sprawl, mining, and deforestation can exacerbate landslides
- Land degradation can lead to reduced stabilization of soil by vegetation, making it more prone to landslides
Landslide Mitigation
- Landslide mitigation involves policies and practices to reduce the risk of landslides and their impact on human populations
Causes of Landslides
- Gravity is the primary driving force behind landslides
- Other factors affecting slope stability can produce conditions that make a slope prone to failure
- Landslides can be triggered by specific events such as heavy rainfall, earthquakes, or slope cuts for road construction
Types of Landslides
Hungr-Leroueil-Picarelli Classification
- Six types of landslide movements are recognized: falls, topples, slides, spreads, flows, and slope deformations
- Each type can occur in both rock and soil
- Falls involve isolated blocks or chunks of soil in free-fall
- Topple refers to blocks coming away by rotation from a vertical face
- Slides involve the movement of a body of material that remains intact while moving over inclined surfaces
- Slides can be sub-classified as planar or rotational
- Spreads involve the cracking, opening, and lateral expansion of a layer of material
- Flows involve the movement of fluidized material, which can be dry or water-rich
- Slope deformations are slow, distributed movements that can affect entire mountain slopes
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