Environmental Impact Assessment Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Who is responsible for nominating the expert member of the District Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (DEIAA)?

The Divisional Commissioner of the Division or Chief Conservator of Forest (correct)

The Central Government

The District Magistrate or District Collector

The Sub-Divisional Magistrate or Sub-Divisional Officer of the district head quarter

What is the term of the non-official Member and the Chairman of the State Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA)?

One year, renewable annually

Three years, extendable by up to twelve months (correct)

Five years

Indefinite, until replaced by the Central Government

What is the minimum number of members required for the SEIAA to make a decision?

Two (correct)

Four

Three

One

Which of the following is NOT a requirement for the Chairman of the SEIAA?

Previous experience in environmental impact assessment (C) Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for constituting the SEIAA as an authority?

The Central Government (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a member of the DEIAA?

The Sub-Divisional Magistrate or Sub-Divisional Officer (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the DEIAA?

To conduct environmental impact assessments at the district level (C) Signup and view all the answers

Where can one find the eligibility criteria for the expert member of the DEIAA?

Appendix VII (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which stage in the environmental clearance process is mandatory for all projects, regardless of category?

Public Consultation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the 'Scoping' stage?

To establish detailed terms of reference for the preparation of an EIA and an Environmental Management Report (A) Signup and view all the answers

In which stage of the environmental clearance process are local communities and stakeholders directly involved?

Public Consultation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) in the environmental clearance process?

To review and assess the environmental impact assessment report and make recommendations (A) Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, how long is the validity period of an environmental clearance for 'Area Development projects and Townships'?

Ten years (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these types of projects falls under Category 'B' and requires screening?

Building and construction projects (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the timeframe for the regulatory authority to convey its decision on an application for environmental clearance after receiving the recommendations of the Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC)?

Forty-five days (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which stage in the environmental clearance process determines the specific environmental concerns that need to be addressed in an EIA?

Scoping (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of the 'Public Consultation' stage in the environmental clearance process?

To identify and address potential environmental impacts of the project (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following activities is NOT subject to the environmental clearance process as outlined in the content?

Development of a new software application (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of projects require prior environmental clearance from the Central Government?

Category 'A' projects (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following projects are always reviewed at the Central level?

Category "B" projects relating to national defense (C) Signup and view all the answers

What entity is responsible for recommending environmental clearance for Category 'B2' projects?

District Expert Appraisal Committee (DEAC) (C) Signup and view all the answers

When can a Category "B" project be considered at the Central level?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for submitting an application for prior environmental clearance for all projects?

Project proponent (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which section outlines the Central Government's power to delegate its responsibilities to other authorities?

Section 3 (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which section explicitly grants the Central Government the authority to appoint officers for the implementation of this Act?

Section 4 (D) Signup and view all the answers

According to the provided excerpt, which section details the legal avenue for appealing against directions issued by the Central Government?

Section 6 (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential legal course of action provided by the Act for an individual who feels unjustly impacted by a Central Government directive?

An appeal to the National Green Tribunal (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which section outlines the Central Government's authority to issue directions to various entities, including individuals, officers, and other authorities?

Section 5 (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions does the Central Government have the explicit power to direct, as mentioned in the excerpt?

Closure of polluting industries (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'for the avoidance of doubts' clause in Section 5?

To define the specific types of directives the Central Government can issue (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which section highlights the responsibility of those involved in industrial operations to ensure that their emissions and discharges do not exceed established environmental pollution standards?

Section 7 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the National Green Tribunal in the context of this excerpt?

To act as a forum for appeals against Central Government directives relating to environmental pollution (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key distinction between the authorities mentioned in Section 3 and the officers mentioned in Section 4?

The authorities have broader responsibilities, encompassing more than just specific functions, while the officers are assigned specific tasks (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which section of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 gives the Central Government the authority to restrict areas where certain industries or operations cannot be carried out?

Section 3(2)(v) (A) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the content related to Eco-sensitive Zones, which of the following is NOT mentioned as a key factor considered when prohibiting or restricting industries or operations in an area?

Environmental impact assessment of the project (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a key consideration by the Central Government in declaring Eco-Sensitive Zones or Ecologically Fragile Areas?

Socio-economic impact of the declaration (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a specific example of an Eco-sensitive Zone mentioned in the content?

Ganges River Basin (A) Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, which of these is a key element of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, to be considered when enacting restrictions on certain areas?

Ensuring environmental compatibility of land use (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which section of the Environment (Protection) Act empowers the Central Government to declare restrictions on activities within specified areas?

Section 3 (B) Signup and view all the answers

The Environment (Protection) Act does not mention the term "Eco-Sensitive Zones" explicitly. What aspects of the Act do the Government utilize effectively to declare such zones?

Section 3(2)(v) and the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986 (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a key consideration for the Central Government when establishing Eco-sensitive Zones or Ecologically Fragile Areas, as mentioned in the content?

Proximity to major industrial hubs (A) Signup and view all the answers

According to the provided text, the central government can restrict areas for certain industries or operations based on which of the following?

The biological diversity of the area (D) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the content, which of the following is a key factor for the Central Government in determining the location of industries or activities in specific areas?

The ecological sensitivity of the area (D) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 & Environmental Clearance, Environments Impact Assessment

The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, is an act to provide for the protection and improvement of environment and for matters connected therewith.
Statement of Objects and Reasons: Concern over environmental quality has grown worldwide since the 1960s, evidenced by increasing pollution, loss of biodiversity, and risks of environmental accidents.
Existing laws dealing with various environmental matters are insufficient. A general legislation is needed focusing on specific pollution types.
Current regulatory agencies are fragmented. A single authority is needed for comprehensive environmental protection.
The act aims to protect and improve the quality of the environment through effective coordination, regulation, and swift response to environmental emergencies.

Preliminary

Short title, extent, and commencement:
- This act is called the Environment Protection Act, 1986.
- It extends to the entire India.
- Came into force on 19/11/1986.
Definitions:
- "Environment" includes water, air, land, and the interrelationships between them, and human beings, other living creatures, plants, micro-organisms, and property.

General Powers of the Central Government

Central Government's powers to take measures for environmental protection and improvement.
Appointment of officers and their powers, and functions.
Power to give directions
Appeal to National Green Tribunal

Prevention, Control & Abatement of Environmental Pollution

Sections 7 & 8: Industries/operations not to exceed emission standards; individuals handling hazardous substances must adhere to procedural safeguards.
Section 12: Environmental Laboratories Section 14A: Penalties for Section 7 or 8 violations
Section 15: Penalty for violations of provisions in the Act, Rules, orders, and directions.
Section 15A: Penalties for violations by companies
Section 15B: Penalties for violations by Government departments
Section 15C: Adjudicating officer
Section 15D: Appeal provisions
Section 15E: Penalty amount to be credited to Environmental Protection Fund.

Chapter-III-A

Section 16: Environmental Protection Fund: Rules for establishment, accounts, and audit.

Chapter-IV

Section 18: Protection of action taken in good faith.

Environmental Clearance (EC)

Projects above a certain threshold must be cleared by the regulatory authority, assessing environmental factors.
The authority directs corrective actions when needed for environmental protection.

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

EIA is a tool for integrating development activities with environmental protection.
It helps prevent future liabilities, identifying impacts and creating mitigation plans

Global Warming

Earth has warmed at unprecedented rates recently, causing extreme weather events.
Global warming often refers to climate warming due to increased greenhouse gas emissions from human activities.
Global warming impacts include: Rising sea levels, changing rainfall patterns, increased extreme weather, melting glaciers, loss of biodiversity, spread of disease.

Greenhouse Effect

The greenhouse effect is a naturally occurring phenomenon that helps maintain Earth's temperature for life.
Human-generated emissions are disrupting this natural balance.

The Polluter Pays Principle

The polluter is liable to compensate for damages caused to the environment or degradation caused.

Eco-Sensitive Zones

The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, mentions the restrictions for industries, operations, or processes or categories within certain areas.
These rules are used to declare Eco-Sensitive Zones (ESZs).
ESZs consider considerations like biodiversity, pollution tolerance, and proximity to protected areas.

Schedules (Specific Examples)

Specific examples of projects and activities are provided in the schedule.
The examples include Building and Construction projects, Townships and Area Development projects, and other designated activities needing prior Environmental Clearance.

Applications for Prior Environmental Clearance (EC)

Application procedures (Steps in the clearance seeking process) for new projects, categorized as "A" or "B".

Grant or Rejection of Prior Environmental Clearance (EC)

The regulatory authority will consider recommendations and convey decisions to the applicant within 45 days.

Validity of Environmental Clearance (EC)

Validities vary by project type.

Enforcement

The State Government is responsible for the enforcement mechanism for related to this Act.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the roles and responsibilities of various authorities in the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process. This quiz covers aspects related to the District Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (DEIAA) and the State Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA). Learn about key terms, stages, and requirements in the EIA process.