Environmental Health and Sensitive Sub-Population

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Who are more at risk from illness due to exposure to hazardous substances than the average, healthy person?

Athletes

Pregnant men

Young adults

The very young, the chronically ill, and the very old (correct)

What does 'harmful or adverse effects' refer to?

Effects on the environment

Effects on climate change

Damaging effects on survival or normal function (correct)

Beneficial effects on the body

What is the likelihood that injury will occur in a given situation or setting?

Toxicodynamics

Hazard (correct)

Risk

Toxicokinetics

What is the expected frequency of an undesirable effect arising from exposure to a chemical or physical agent?

Risk Signup and view all the answers

What is the study of the fate of toxic compounds in the body?

Toxicokinetics Signup and view all the answers

What is a group of signs, symptoms, and laboratory findings that suggest a specific ingestion?

Toxidromes Signup and view all the answers

What does toxicogenomics describe?

The analysis of gene-expression changes induced by xenobiotics Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of Clinical Toxicology?

The diagnosis and treatment of poisoning Signup and view all the answers

What is the parameter used to quantify the toxicity of a substance?

LD50 Signup and view all the answers

Which branch of toxicology deals with the safety testing of products?

Regulatory Toxicology Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Environmental Toxicology?

To identify and remove toxicants from the environment Signup and view all the answers

Which branch of toxicology studies the mechanism of action of poisons?

Mechanistic Toxicology Signup and view all the answers

What type of toxicology is concerned with the medico-legal aspects of the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and animals?

Forensic toxicology Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the effects of poisons that can be seen at the site of application?

Local effects Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors related to the poison itself can affect the severity of poisoning?

Solubility of the poison Signup and view all the answers

What is the antidote for phosphorus poisoning?

Copper sulfate Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the blister beetle that is a source of the irritant cantharidin?

Cantharides vesicatoria Signup and view all the answers

Why may pediatric patients be more susceptible to poisoning?

Their bodies are not yet fully developed, which may cause accumulation of drugs Signup and view all the answers

What type of evidence is obtained by extracting body fluids from a patient and testing them with specific reagents or chemicals?

Chemical evidence Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the initial assessment of a poison patient?

To evaluate vital signs and support vital functions Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for a patient with opioid poisoning?

Administration of 0.4-2mg of Naloxone Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of removing the patient's clothing during the initial assessment?

To limit exposure to the poison Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for a patient with inhalational exposure to a poison?

Rapid removal from the environment and administration of 100% O2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition that can result from administering Vit.B (Thiamine) to a patient?

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of systemic emetics?

Stimulate the vomiting center Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended dose of Syrup of Ipecac for a 10-year-old child?

10 mL Signup and view all the answers

What is the instruction for inducing vomiting in adults using Ipecac Syrup?

2 tablespoonfuls of Ipecac Syrup followed by a glassful of water Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if Ipecac fails to induce vomiting?

Immediately bring the patient to the hospital Signup and view all the answers

What is the contraindication for inducing vomiting using Ipecac?

Children Signup and view all the answers