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Questions and Answers
What is a pathogen?
What is a pathogen?
- A natural hazard like fire or flood
- An organism that can cause disease in another organism (correct)
- A harmful chemical in air, water, or soil
- A lifestyle choice like smoking or poor food choices
How do viruses cause diseases?
How do viruses cause diseases?
- By invading a cell and taking over its genetic machinery to copy themselves (correct)
- By multiplying and spreading throughout the body
- By causing natural hazards like earthquakes or volcanic eruptions
- By releasing harmful chemicals in the air, water, or soil
What is the difference between bacteria and viruses?
What is the difference between bacteria and viruses?
- Viruses are smaller than bacteria and invade cells to multiply
- Viruses are always harmful, while most bacteria are harmless or beneficial
- Bacteria multiply and spread throughout the body, while viruses do not
- Bacteria are single-cell organisms found everywhere, while viruses are not (correct)
What is a transmissible disease?
What is a transmissible disease?
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What defines a bacterial disease?
What defines a bacterial disease?
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Study Notes
Understanding Pathogens
- Pathogens are microorganisms that cause diseases in hosts, including humans, animals, and plants.
- Common types of pathogens include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.
Viruses and Disease
- Viruses invade host cells and hijack their machinery to replicate, often leading to cell damage or death.
- They can trigger immune responses, resulting in symptoms such as fever, inflammation, and fatigue.
Bacteria vs. Viruses
- Bacteria are single-celled organisms that can live independently and reproduce on their own; they can be beneficial or harmful.
- Viruses are not cells and cannot reproduce without a host; they consist of genetic material surrounded by a protein coat.
- Bacterial infections can often be treated with antibiotics, while viral infections typically require antiviral medications or vaccines.
Transmissible Diseases
- Transmissible diseases are illnesses that can spread from one person or organism to another, either directly or indirectly.
- Common transmission modes include respiratory droplets, bodily fluids, contact with contaminated surfaces, and vectors like insects.
Bacterial Diseases
- Bacterial diseases are infections caused by harmful bacteria that disrupt normal bodily functions.
- Key characteristics include the presence of symptoms such as fever, pain, and inflammation, which are immune responses to the infection.
- They can be diagnosed through lab tests and treated with antibiotics.
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